Abutilon angulatum (Guill. & Perr.) Mast. In Oliv.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Abutilon

Characteristics

An erect glaucous or yellowish or brownish shrub, usually 1–3 m. tall, occasionally taller, usually with only a few long side-branches in addition to the main stem but producing many short side-branches mainly in the flowering portions; stems up to 2–3 cm. in diam. near the base, greenish, terete or angled when young, shortly velutinous (as are all other vegetative parts, pedicels and calyces), occasionally with additional sparse small floccose tufts of stellate hairs, soon becoming angular owing to coarse longitudinal ridges originating below each node, glaucous-green to dull greyish-purple, semi-woody with a large pith, only at length glabrescent.
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Leaf-lamina up to 30 × 25 cm. (much smaller in upper leaves), rather dark glaucous-grey-green above, much paler below (usually conspicuously so and greyish), cordate-ovate to suborbicular-cordate or occasionally triangular-cordate, usually acuminate, with deep basal sinus, indistinctly serrate, crenate or minutely callous-dentate; petiole of larger leaves about as long as the corresponding lamina, rather stout, longitudinally sulcate, subpulvinate at the base, that of upper leaves thinner and often shorter to much shorter than the lamina.
Flowers yellow, orange or apricot, numerous, on lateral and subterminal short shoots (often again branched), the flowering branchlets arranged in large lateral and terminal pseudo-panicles, each flower solitary but the buds (and new side-branches) formed in such rapid succession that the buds are often apparently fasciculate; pedicels 3 (S) cm. long, articulated in the upper 10 mm.
A woody herb. It grows 1.5 m tall. The young stems are grey green and become brown. The leaves are oval to heart shaped. They are hairy on both sides and more pale underneath. They are 14 cm long by 12 cm wide. The flowers are bright orange yellow. They are in a long open flower head. The fruit is cylinder shaped and 1.5 cm long.
Calyx 10–15 mm. long, shallowly cupular, lobed to about the middle; lobes 3–4 (5) mm. long, suberect, ovate-triangular to triangular or ovate-lanceolate, minutely apiculate and densely but finely white-ciliate with inconspicuous or distinctly keeled midrib.
Mericarps 20–30, rounded apically and dorsally but in the outer (dorsal) upper portion often with an obtuse (rarely subacute) angle, 1-seeded.
Fruit c. 9–12 × 8 mm., depressed-globose, umbilicate, densely stellate-tomentose, often ± floccose.
Flowers yellow or lilac with dark purple centre
Seeds verruculose or smooth, glabrous.
Staminal tube densely stellate-hairy.
A tall perennial, 6–12 ft. high
Whitish-downy all over
Petals 9–12 mm. long.
Carpels 1-seeded.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5 - 2.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

In the drier regions, often on alkaline or somewhat brackish soils in open situations such as pans, river banks, roadsides, low scrub and bush at elevations below 1000 metres. Often found as a weed of cultivated land.
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It is a tropical plant. In Tanzania it grows between 100-2,700 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The young leaves and flowers are used as a vegetable. They are cooked and eaten. Sometimes the flowers are first dried then cooked and eaten. The leaves can be dried and stored.
Uses animal food fiber food fuel gene source material medicinal social use
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown by seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Productivity -

Distribution

Abutilon angulatum world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, Somalia, South Sudan, Seychelles, Chad, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1125427-2
WFO ID wfo-0000511722
COL ID 8MX7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Abutilon intermedium Abutilon eetveldeanum Bastardia angulata Abutilon intermedium var. figarianum Abutilon angulatum

Lower taxons

Abutilon angulatum var. macrophyllum