Acacia leptocarpa A.Cunn. ex Benth.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Acacia

Characteristics

Tree to 12 m high. Branchlets angular in the ultimate portions only, glabrous. Phyllodes falcate, subobtuse to acute (or slightly hooked), (10-) 12-21 (-26) by 1-2.6 cm, 6-15(-17) times as long as wide, glabrous, light green, major veins and margins yellowish; gradually tapering into a c. (3-) 5-10 mm pulvinus, with a gland at the top, prominent or inconspicuous, circular, not raised, with a narrow orifice, 0.1-0.5 mm in diameter; major longitudinal veins 3, yellowish, running ± symmetrically towards the apex, secondary veins numerous, ± parallel, anastomosing. Spikes moderately dense, 5-7 by 0.6-0.7 cm, glabrous, on glabrous peduncles, 3-5 mm, in pairs at the base of axillary rudimentary shoots. Flowers pale to golden yellow, pentamerous. Calyx cupular, 0.5-1 mm, glabrous; teeth 0.1-0.3 mm, inconspicuous, acute. Corolla 1.6-2.4 mm, glabrous; lobes oblong, acute, c. 1.5 mm. Stamens 3-4 mm. Ovary sessile, densely puberulous. Pod dark brown, linear, somewhat coiled, flat, raised over the seeds, glabrous, 4-12 by 0.3 cm; valves subwoody, veins inconspicuous. Seeds longitudinal, oblong, 3-4 by 2-2.5 mm; areole oblong, c. 2.5 by 1 mm, open towards the hilum; funicle yellow, folded several times beneath the seed.
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Tree to 15 m high, rarely a shrub to 4 m. Bark 'ironbark' type, dark grey to almost black. Branchlets angular towards apices, lenticellate, glabrous. Phyllodes narrowly elliptic, attentuated towards both ends, markedly falcate, (8–) 11–20 (–27) cm long, (6–) 10–35 (–55) mm wide, thinly coriaceous, glabrous, with 3 prominent main veins (the lower 2 often confluent towards base and the uppermost sometimes confluent with upper margin before reaching apex); minor veins 1–3 per mm, longitudinal, occasionally anastomosing; gland usually 1, basal, conspicuous. Spikes 3.5–9.5 cm long, yellow to golden. Flowers 5-merous; calyx 0.4–0.9 mm long, sinuate or dissected to ¼ of length, with fimbriate margins, ± glabrous; corolla 1.3–2 mm long, dissected to ½ of length, glabrous; ovary densely pubescent. Pods slightly or variably constricted between and raised over seeds, curved, curled or twisted, 8–15 cm long, 2–3.5 (–5) mm wide, thinly coriaceous to chartaceous, glabrous. Seeds longitudinal, oblong-elliptic, 3–4 mm long, dark brown; pleurogram U-shaped; funicle-aril massive, longer than seed, yellow-orange.
An evergreen tree. It grows to 7-12 m high with 2-5 m spread. The stem is erect and branching. It is a graceful tree. It has a rounded crown. The bark is rough and dark. It is lightly cracked or chequered near the base. The inner bark is red. The young branches are angular. The leaves (phyllodes) are narrow and curved. They are 13-23 cm long and with 3 prominent veins. Leaves are 1.5 to 3 cm wide and shiny. The flowers are yellow rods 4-7 cm long. They occur in pairs on stalks in the angles of leaves. The pods are narrow (0.1-0.3 cm) and 10-13 cm long. They are papery. They coil and twine into clusters. They are dark brown when ripe. They contain several black seeds. The seeds are 4 mm by 2.5 mm.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 11.0 - 12.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. A native plant of Australia and Papua New Guinea. It will grow on most soils. It prefers a sunny position. It is damaged by drought and frost. It is often near coasts or streams. It can be on seasonally flooded plains. In Papua New Guinea it occurs up to 30 m altitude.
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Open eucalypt and/or Melaleuca forests, low open forest and low open woodland on the flats and gentle slopes of the coastal lowlands, including stabilized dunes, extending to the slopes and ridges further inland.
Grows in open eucalypt and/or Melaleuca woodlands, in sandy or rocky soils, sometimes on laterite; occasionally on margins of rainforest, monsoon forest, vine thickets, gallery forest.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Details of utilisation etc. of Acacia leptocarpa are given in J.W. Turnbull (ed.), Multipurpose Australian Trees & Shrubs 152 (1986). Used in land rehabilitation.
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The gum is eaten.
Uses charcoal environmental use fuel gum material medicinal ornamental timber wood
Edible gums
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It is grown from seed. Seed needs treatment to break the hard seed coat. Normally this is by putting the seeds in very hot water and letting the water cool down overnight then planting the seeds immediately. Flowering is in June to September and pods form from August to October. It benefits from watering in the dry season.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 33
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Acacia leptocarpa unspecified picture

Distribution

Acacia leptocarpa world distribution map, present in Australia and Papua New Guinea

Conservation status

Acacia leptocarpa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:470734-1
WFO ID wfo-0000202542
COL ID 8PJR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Acacia leptocarpa Racosperma leptocarpum