Acacia retinodes Schltdl.

Water wattle (en), Mimosa résineux (fr), Mimosa des quatre saisons (fr), Mimosa d’été (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Acacia

Characteristics

Tree to 10 m tall, occasionally suckering. Bark rough, furrowed, dark brown to black. Branchlets occasionally pendulous, flattened or angular at extremities, glabrous. Phyllodes variable, crowded on stems (4–10 mm apart), oblanceolate to narrowly oblanceolate or linear, (5–) 6–16 cm long, (2–) 3–12 (–16) mm wide, acuminate, normally uncinate, green to grey-green, not pruinose, glabrous, 1-veined per face, obscurely penninerved; gland small, 0–3 (–7) mm above pulvinus. Inflorescences racemose; raceme axes 2–4 (–5) cm long; peduncles 3–6 mm long, slender, glabrous; heads globular, (16–) 18–30 (–34)-flowered, pale yellow to cream. Flowers 5‑merous; sepals united; ovary glabrous. Pods linear, to 16 cm long, 8–11 mm wide, firmly chartaceous. Seeds longitudinal, oblong to oblong-elliptic, 4–6 mm long, dark brown to black; funicle ¾ or more encircling seed, red-brown to blackish; aril clavate.
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An evergreen tree. It grows to 6 m high and 3 m across. The stem is erect and slender. It has an open textured crown. The small branches are often angular and hand downwards. They are reddish brown when young. The leaves (phyllodes) are greyish green with a single prominent vein. They are 10-20 cm long and 0.3-1.5 cm wide. They are curved and narrowed at the base. Sometimes they have a tip which curves backwards. The flowers are small clusters in the angles where leaves join the branch. These flower clusters are 2-4 cm long. They are small yellow balls. There are 6-20 flower heads in a cluster. The pods are brown. They are usually straight and flat. They are not constricted between the seeds. They are 6-20 cm long and 0.6-1 cm across. They are edible. The seed has a skin like layer around it.
Unarmed, erect, often very much-branched shrub, 1-5 m high. Branchlets trigonous at the apex, when older ribbed, usually glabrous. Phyllodes lanceolate-linear, sometimes wider above the middle, with one vein, finely penniveined, 2-22 by 1(—1.3) cm, glaucous, marginal gland above the base, rarely wanting. Flowering heads composed of 30-50 flowers grouped into axillary, erecto-patent racemes, almost always branched. Flowers light yellow, pentamerous, bisexual. Pod linear, straight or slightly curved, flat, 7.5-20 by 0.8-1 cm. Seeds longitudinal, oblong, funicle dilated, extending round the seed and bent back on the same side, encircling it into a double fold.
Unarmed glabrous shrub or small tree. Leaves phyllodic, apparently simple, linear-lanceolate to-oblong or oblanceolate, straight or slightly curved, 4.5-17 cm long, up to 1.5 cm wide, narrowing gradually towards the base, with a single main longitudinal nerve and finely but distinctly penninerved. Flowers in round heads up to 6 mm in diameter; inflorescences on peduncles 3-6 mm long, arranged in short axillary racemes. Pods 7-12 x 0.5-0.7 cm, linear-oblong, flattened, longitudinally dehiscent; funicle encircling the seed in a double fold.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 2.5 - 4.0
Mature height (meter) 6.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a warm temperate plant. It occurs naturally in the cooler parts of Australia. It grows on light to medium soils. It requires well drained soils and a sunny position although it can stand light shade. It is drought and frost resistant. It can grow in arid places. They grow where the minimum temperature is 3-5°C. In Tasmania they occur on Flinders Island. It can tolerate short periods of being in waterlogged soils. It can tolerate some salt. It suits hardiness zones 8-10. Arboretum Tasmania.
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Occurs mainly in open forest in poorly drained soils inland from the coast.
Occurs on low hills and ranges in Eucalyptus woodland.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-10

Usage

A widely cultivated, fast-growing but short-lived hardy species with unobtrusive flowers that occur sporadically throughout much of the year but with the main flush in spring and summer. Further information on the utilisation potential of this species (e.g. cultivation and development for wood, tannin, fodder, seed and gum products) is given in B.R. Maslin and M.W. McDonald, AcaciaSearch: Evaluation of Acacia as a woody crop option for southern Australia, RIRDC Publication No. 30/017, 170–174 and 182–185 (2004).
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The pods are eaten. The seeds are eaten. They can be used to make flour for breads, cakes, pastries and desserts.
Uses dye environmental use fodder food gum material medicinal non-vertebrate poison poison vertebrate poison wood
Edible flowers gums pods seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It is grown from seed. The seed need treatment to break the hard seed coat. Normally this is by putting the seeds in very hot water and letting the water cool down overnight then planting the seeds immediately.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Acacia retinodes habit picture by Clothilde Hanoteau (cc-by-sa)
Acacia retinodes habit picture by Brynn Elt (cc-by-sa)
Acacia retinodes habit picture by Manuel de Buenaga (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Acacia retinodes leaf picture by Clothilde Hanoteau (cc-by-sa)
Acacia retinodes leaf picture by Rodríguez Alfredo (cc-by-sa)
Acacia retinodes leaf picture by Maria Murlà (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Acacia retinodes flower picture by Santoyo Javier (cc-by-sa)
Acacia retinodes flower picture by giovanni (cc-by-sa)
Acacia retinodes flower picture by Alain Ravaute (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Acacia retinodes fruit picture by Clothilde Hanoteau (cc-by-sa)
Acacia retinodes fruit picture by Linares Raúl (cc-by-sa)
Acacia retinodes fruit picture by Vilardell Albert (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Acacia retinodes world distribution map, present in Argentina, Australia, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Spain, Ethiopia, France, Georgia, Honduras, Indonesia, India, Italy, Mauritius, New Zealand, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, United States of America, Viet Nam, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:471313-1
WFO ID wfo-0000181109
COL ID 8PXT
BDTFX ID 110
INPN ID 79707
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Acacia retinodes Acacia retinoide Acacia rhetinoides Acacia retinoides Racosperma retinodes Acacia retinodes var. retinodes