Acalypha villicaulis Hochst. ex A.Rich.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Acalypha

Characteristics

A perennial herb or subshrub up to 1(–2) m. tall, with a few erect, ascending or decumbent stems arising from a woody rootstock.. Stems at the same time both crisped-puberulous and sparingly to densely patent-hirsute.. Petioles (0.3–)1–3(–5) cm. long, hairy like the stems, usually with a pair of filiform glands 1 mm. long at the junction with the blade; leaf-blade sometimes ovate, more often ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate or even linear-lanceolate, (2–)5–12.5(–14) cm. long, (0.5–)1–4 cm. wide, attenuate or subacutely to obtusely acuminate, usually cordate, sometimes rounded or truncate, serrate or crenate-serrate, often rather coarsely so, firmly membranous, (5–)7(–9)-nerved at the base, lateral nerves 5–8 pairs, sparingly to evenly, rarely densely, pubescent or hirsute above and beneath, more particularly on the midrib and main veins.. Stipules subulate-filiform, 1.5–4(–6) mm. long, with a few subsessile glands on the margin, sparingly pilose.. Male racemes solitary, axillary, up to 11 cm. long, densely flowered, pedunculate or not, sometimes the peduncle up to half the length of the inflorescence; axis crisped-puberulous; bracts linear, 1.5 mm. long, acute, pubescent.. Male flowers: pedicels ± 1 mm. long; buds 4-lobate, subglobose, sparingly pubescent.. Female inflorescences spicate, usually solitary, terminal, capitate, subcylindric or cylindric, up to 3 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide when mature, subsessile or shortly pedunculate; bracts transversely ovate to suborbicular, accrescent, 5 mm. long and 1 cm. wide when fully developed, dentate, sparingly pubescent and fairly densely beset with stipitate glands without, and within on the teeth, 1-flowered.. Female flowers sessile; sepals 3(–4), ovate-lanceolate, 1 mm. long, acute, ciliate, pubescent without, glabrous within; ovary trilobate-subglobose, 0.8 mm. diameter, pubescent in the upper half; styles free, up to 1.6 cm. long, pectinate, red.. Fruits trilobate, 4 mm. long, 5 mm. diameter, sparingly pubescent and with a few scattered glandular hairs at the apex, glabrous below.. Seeds ovoid-subglobose, 2.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, smooth, dark grey, with a depressed-hemispherical caruncle ± 1 mm. across.
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Perennial, dwarf shrub, 0.1-2.0 m high; woody rootstock; stems several, erect, ascending or decumbent, many branched, hirsute or pubescent. Leaves firmly membranous, ovate, lanceolate, base rounded or truncate, acuminate at apex, margins serrate. Male racemes axillary, solitary, up to 120 mm long; peduncle up to 50 mm long; bracts linear, 1.5 mm long. Male flowers pedicels 1 mm long; buds tetragonal-subglobose, sparingly pubescent. Female spikes terminal, up to 50 mm long; peduncle up to 15 mm long; bracts accrescent, transversely ovate, coarsely dentate, ciliate. Female flowers sepals 3 or 4; styles free, pectinate or with few or no lateral segments, crimson; ovary 3-lobed. Flowering time Dec., Jan. Fruit 3-lobed, glabrous. Seeds ovoid-subglobose, smooth, with depressed-hemispherical caruncle across.
Perennial herb, up to 1 m high. Leaves serrate or crenate-serrate, dull, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 50-125 x 10-40 mm, acuminate, pubescent or hirsute. Male peduncles the same length as or shorter than inflorescences. Styles free, up to 16 mm long, red. Flowers green.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality -
Pollination -
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.7 - 1.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
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Usage

Uses food medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Distribution

Acalypha villicaulis world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:337918-1
WFO ID wfo-0000250328
COL ID 8SJH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Acalypha rehmannii Acalypha villicaulis Ricinocarpus languidus Ricinocarpus petiolaris Ricinocarpus tenuis Ricinocarpus villicaulis Acalypha petiolaris Acalypha senegalensis Acalypha tenuis Acalypha zambesica Ricinocarpus senensis Ricinocarpus sidifolius Ricinocarpus zambesicus Acalypha chariensis Acalypha haplostyla Acalypha hirsuta Acalypha senensis