Acmella caulirhiza Delile

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Acmella

Characteristics

Perennial or annual herb, decumbent or scrambling, often rooting at the nodes, up to 15 cm high or 60 cm long; stems sappy, often reddish or purplish, glabrous or pilose.. Leaves ovate, 1–7 cm long, 0.8–5 cm wide, base attenuate, margins dentate, apex acute or obtuse, glabrous or pilose; 3-veined from base; petiole 1–15 mm long, narrowly winged.. Capitula solitary and hemispherical, becoming conical, radiate, 4–14 mm long, 4–10 mm in diameter, on stalks 2–7 cm long; involucre 3.5–6 mm long, of 2 series of phyllaries.. Ray florets 10–15, yellow, 2.2–3.3 mm long, the ray 1.4–2.3 mm long.. Disc florets many, yellow or slightly orange, 1.1–1.9 mm long.. Achenes 1.3–2.4 mm long, glabrous; pappus usually absent but sometimes some setae present on achenes of outer florets.. Fig. 152 (page 731).
More
Perennial or annual herb, decumbent or scrambling, often rooting at the nodes, up to 15 cm high or 60 cm long; stems sappy, often reddish or purplish, glabrous or pilose. Leaves ovate, 1-7 cm long, 0.8-5 cm wide, base attenuate, margins dentate, apex acute or obtuse, glabrous or pilose; 3-veined from base; petiole 1-15 mm long, narrowly winged. Capitula solitary and hemispherical, becoming conical, radiate, 4-14 mm long, 4-10 mm in diameter, on stalks 2-7 cm long; involucre 3.5-6 mm long, of 2 series of phyllaries. Ray florets 10-15, yellow, 2.2-3.3 mm long, the ray 1.4-2.3 mm long. Disc florets many, yellow or slightly orange, 1.1-1.9 mm long. Achenes 1.3-2.4 mm long, glabrous; pappus usually absent but sometimes some setae present on achenes of outer florets.
Annual herb, up to 0.4 m high; stems branching from base, creeping and ascending, rooting at nodes, leafy. Leaves opposite, ovate, base truncate to broadly cuneate, apex obtuse, margins entire to serrate-crenate. Capitula axillary and terminal, solitary; involucral bracts linear-lanceolate. Receptacle conical, paleate; paleae boat-shaped, enclosing florets. Ray florets female, fertile; corolla yellow or white, strap-shaped. Disc florets bisexual, fertile; corolla yellow. Anthers obtuse or minutely sagittate at base, with small, obtuse, apical appendage. Style branches of ray florets linear, of disc florets oblong, truncate, minutely penicillate. Pappus absent. Cypselae elliptic, compressed, margins hyaline.
A herb. It can grow each year from seed or keep growing for a few years. It can be scrambling and form roots at the nodes. It grows 15 cm high and 60 cm long. It can be red or purple. The leaves are oval and 1-7 cm long by 1-5 cm wide. There are teeth along the edge. The leaf stalk can be 1.5 cm long and have slight wings. The flowers are yellow or orange.
Creeping and ascending annual herb, up to 300 mm tall. Leaves narrowly to broadly ovate. Heads axillary and terminal, solitary on peduncles up to 50 mm long. Rays very short, inconspicuous. Achenes with hyaline glabrous margins. Flowers with yellow or whitish rays, disc yellow.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15
Root system creeping-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows between 750-3,100 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity 6-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food food gene source material medicinal poison
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Acmella caulirhiza world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion, Sudan, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, eSwatini, Seychelles, Chad, Togo, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:174533-1
WFO ID wfo-0000009712
COL ID 64KVN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 705764
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Spilanthes mauritiana f. mauritiana Eclipta filicaulis Spilanthes filicaulis Spilanthes mauritiana Spilanthes abyssinica Spilanthes africana Spilanthes caulirhiza var. caulirhiza Spilanthes africana var. africana Spilanthes acmella var. acmella Spilanthes mauritiana f. madagascariensis Spilanthes caulirhiza var. madagascariensis Spilanthes caulirhiza Acmella caulirhiza