Actinidia kolomikta Maxim.

Arctic beauty (en), Kiwi arctique (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Actinidiaceae > Actinidia

Characteristics

Climbing shrubs, large, deciduous. Branchlets glabrous, lenticels inconspicuous to subconspicuous when young, conspicuous when old; pith brown, lamellate. Petiole yellowish white to reddish brown, 2.5-5 cm, sparsely pubescent to glabrous; leaf blade broadly ovate to oblong-ovate or oblong-obovate, 6-15 × 5-10 cm, membranous to thinly papery, abaxially glabrous to subglabrous, sometimes barbate at vein axils, adaxially sparsely strigillose, midvein and lateral veins distinct and raised abaxially, slender, inconspicuous adaxially, lateral veins 6-8 pairs, veinlets reticulate, inconspicuous on both surfaces to subconspicuous abaxially, base cordate, occasionally rounded to truncate, equal or oblique, margin serrate to biserrate, apex acute to abruptly acuminate. Inflorescences cymose, 1-3-flowered; peduncles 0.8-1.2 cm, very slender; pedicels 4-10 mm, glabrous to yellowish brown tomentose; bracts linear, minute. Flowers pink or white. Sepals 5, ovate to oblong-ovate, 4-6 mm, glabrous, margin ciliate, apex acute. Petals 5 or 6, obovate, 6-10 mm. Filaments 3-6 mm; anthers yellow, oblong, 2-2.5 mm, sagittate at base. Ovary globose, ca. 3 mm, glabrous. Fruit pale orange when mature, ovoid, 2-2.5 cm, glabrous, lenticels absent; sepals caducous. Seeds ca. 2 mm. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 58*, 116*.
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A vine which looses its leaves during the year. It climbs to a height of 4-6 m. The stems are slender, woody and branching. The leaves are oval and taper towards the point. The leaves are 15 cm long and when young they have a purple tinge. They become green and blotched with cream and pink. The flowers are white. They have a sweet smell. They are shaped like a cup and 1 cm across. They occur on groups of 3. Male and female flowers occur separately on separate plants. The fruit are yellow. They are egg shaped berries 2 cm long. They are smooth. The fruit are edible.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 7.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.2
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A plant native of China and Japan. It grows naturally in coniferous woodlands and hedges in mountains throughout Japan. It prefers cool well drained soils. It suits a sunny position. It is frost resistant but damaged by drought. It suits hardiness zones 4-9. It grows in Sichuan and Yunnan. Arboretum Tasmania.
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Coniferous woodlands and hedges in mountains throughout Japan. Mountain mixed forests in open places at elevations of 1,600-2,900 metres in China.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The ripe fruit are eaten fresh. They are also dried or preserved with salt.
Uses environmental use food gene source
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The plant is grown by cuttings.
Mode cuttings graftings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 60 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 16
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Actinidia kolomikta unspecified picture

Distribution

Actinidia kolomikta world distribution map, present in China, Japan, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Russian Federation, and Uzbekistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:828402-1
WFO ID wfo-0000519272
COL ID 9TG2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Actinidia gagnepainii Actinidia kolomikta Actinidia leptophylla Actinidia maloides Prunus kolomikta Prunus kolomikta Kalomikta mandshurica Trochostigma kolomikta Actinidia maloides f. cordata Actinidia kolomikta var. gagnepainii Actinidia tetramera var. maloides