Adenanthera microsperma Teijsm. & Binn.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Adenanthera

Characteristics

Tree to 30 m high, to 90 cm girth. Branchlets glabrous or puberulous, glabrescent. Stipules not seen. Leaves: rachis 12-21 cm, adaxially sulcate, puberulous; pinnae 3-5(-6) pairs, puberulous, 5.7-11 cm; petiolules 1-2 mm, puberulous (or glabrous); leaflets (4-)5-9 on each side of the pinna, thinly chartaceous, drying light brown to dull grey-green above and light grey-green beneath, asymmetrically ovate-oblong, oblong-obovate, or sub-trapezoid, 1-2.7 by 0.6-1.8 cm; base partly cuneate/pardy rounded, apex rounded to truncate, often emarginate or mucronulate, both surfaces puberulous to glabrous, lateral veins prominulous, 8-10 per leaflet-half, oblique, non-parallel, anastomosing near the margin. Raceme (incl. peduncle) 6.5-11.5(-25) cm, puberulous; floral bracts filiform, 0.75 mm, caducous; pedicel 1.5-3 mm, usually puberulous to sericeous (rarely glabrous). Flowers yellowish white, turning dark yellow at anthesis. Calyx shallow, cup-shaped, 0.5-0.75 mm, faintly appressed puberulous to sericeous (rarely glabrous); teeth inconspicuous, rounded. Petals 2.5-3.5 mm, oblong, acute, usually glabrous but occasionally puberulous towards the apex. Stamens 3-4.5 mm; anthers 0.5 mm. Ovary 1.6-2.2 mm, densely sericeous (with a few appressed hairs); style 1-1.5 mm, shorter than the ovary. Pod brown to dark brown, densely spirally contorted before dehiscence, up to 15 by 0.8-1.2 cm, 6-10 seeded. Seeds bright scarlet red, suborbicular to ellipsoid or broadly obovoid, 5.5-7(-8) by 4.5-7 by 4 mm, areole running c. 1 mm from the margin of the seed, open towards the hilum.
More
Trees, deciduous, 5-20 m tall. Branchlets puberulent. Peti­ole and rachis puberulent; pinnae 3-5 pairs; leaflets 4-7 pairs, with short petiolules, alternate, oblong or ovate, 2.5-3.5 × 1.5-2.5 cm, both surfaces puberulent, both ends rounded-obtuse. Racemes simple, axillary or arranged in panicles at apices of branchlets, puberulent. Flowers white or yellow, small, fragrant, shortly pedicellate. Calyx less than 1 mm, together with pedicel golden yellow puberulent. Petals oblong, 2.5-3.5 mm, usually glabrous but occasionally puberulent toward apex, slightly con­nate at base. Stamens 3-4.5 mm; anthers ca. 0.5 mm. Ovary nearly sessile, villous; style filiform; stigma small. Legume nar­rowly oblong, 10-20 × 1.2-1.4 cm, valves contorted after de­hiscence. Seeds scarlet or yellow, suborbicular to ellipsoidal, 5-8 × 4.5-7 mm. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Jul-Oct.
It differs from A. pavonina, though not very satisfactorily or constantly, in its puberulous calyx and pedicels, pods twisted spirally before dehiscence, and the seeds 5–7 mm. in diameter.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Valleys, along streams, forests, from sea level to 1,000 metres. Dry evergreen and deciduous forest, and in forest margins at elevations up to 600 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses Shade tree for coffee (Java); also as an ornamental.
Uses coffee substitute environmental use forage material medicinal ornamental shade tanning timber wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Adenanthera microsperma unspecified picture

Distribution

Adenanthera microsperma world distribution map, present in Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Brazil, Barbados, Brunei Darussalam, China, Cameroon, Comoros, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guinea-Bissau, Grenada, French Guiana, Haiti, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Jamaica, Cambodia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Maldives, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Montserrat, Martinique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nigeria, Niue, Pakistan, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sierra Leone, Suriname, Seychelles, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Adenanthera microsperma threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:472162-1
WFO ID wfo-0000187373
COL ID 9YYF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Adenanthera tamarindifolia Adenanthera microsperma Adenanthera pavonina var. microsperma