Adenia cordifolia Engl.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Passifloraceae > Adenia

Characteristics

Liana to 20(-50?) m. Leaves herbaceous to subcoriaceous, pale to glaucous green beneath, entire, broadly ovate to oblong, top obtuse to acute, up to 1 cm acuminate, base rounded to deeply cordate, 2½-10(-11) by 1½-6(-9) cm, 3-5-plinerved and with 2-10 pairs of lesser nerves from the midrib, arching towards the top; petiole ½-3(-4½) cm. Glands at blade-base 2, 1-2½ mm ø, in two deeply hollowed hemispherical auricles 2½-4½ mm ø at the apex of the petiole; blade-glands 0-6, ¼-1 mm ø, submarginal; marginal glands minute, 0-8 at either side. Inflorescences peduncled up to 5½ cm, in ♂ up to 60-flowered, in ♀ 3-5-flowered, tendrils 0-3, ½-2½ cm. Sterile tendrils 3-5(-7)-fid,up to 10 cm, sometimes ending in adhesive disks. Bracts and bracteoles narrowly triangular, acute, ½-1 mm. ♂ Flowers narrowly tubiform-urceolate, including the 10-20 mm long stipe 18-35 by 1½-3(-4) mm. Hypanthium including calyx tube tubiform-urceolate, ± narrowed at the throat, fleshy leathery, 8-12(-14) mm. Calyx lobes elliptic-oblong, obtuse to subacute, 1-2(-2½) mm, (sub)erect in anthesis. Petals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse to subacute, 1-2 mm, inserted in the throat of the calyx tube. Filaments (1½-)2-5 mm, connate for 1-2 mm, inserted at the base of the hypanthium. Anthers 3-4 mm, acute, up to ½ mm apiculate. Septa 1-2 mm high. Corona 0. Disk glands 1-2 mm. ♀ Flowers tubiform(-urceolate), including the 4-10 mm long stipe 12-18 by 2½-3 mm. Hypanthium including calyx tube c. 1 mm. Calyx lobes c. 1½ mm. Petals c. 1½ mm, inserted at or near the throat of the calyx tube. Staminodes 1-1½ mm, ± connate at base. Septa c. ½ mm high. Corona 0. Disk glands c. 1 mm. Pistil 5-6 mm; gynophore c. 1 mm; ovary ellipsoid c. 4-4½ by 2½ mm; styles c. ½ mm, free; stigmas ± papillate, each c. 1 mm ø. Fruit 1-2, ellipsoid-oblong, fusiform, ± 3-angular, top acute, up to 1 cm acuminate, excluding the 5-10(-15) mm long gynophore (4½-)5-8(-9) by 1½-3½ cm; pericarp woody-coriaceous 1-1½ mm. Seeds 10-30, orbicular to reniform, 7-8½ by 8-10 by 4-4½ mm, pitted; embryo 7-9 mm; cotyledons ovate-elliptic, broadly emarginate at one side towards the top, 7-9 by 5½-6½ mm.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
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Environment

Rain-forest, thickets, forest clearings, peat swamp forest; 0-1200 m. Fl. fr. Jan.-Dec, mostly fl. Sept.-March, most fr. Nov.Because of the narrow-urceolate flowers, entirely enclosing either the stamens or the pistil, pollination is likely effected by small insects (moths?).
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses. The roots and fruits are known as poisonous; leaves and stems have medicinal properties.According to HEYNE the branches are resistant to humidity and therefore used as binding material under water.
Uses medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Conjunctivitis (unspecified)
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Cultivation

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Distribution

Adenia cordifolia world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Iceland, and Philippines

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:674064-1
WFO ID wfo-0000519952
COL ID -
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Adenia cordifolia