Adenia glauca Schinz

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Passifloraceae > Adenia

Characteristics

Climber, sometimes shrub-like, up to 3.5 m, the basal part thickened, tapering, 'bottle-shaped', up to c. 1 x 0.4 m, ± fleshy, smooth, greenish, glabrous. Leaves greyish or glaucous or purplish-grey, sometimes punctate beneath, 5-parted to the base, suborbicular in outline, 2-12 x 2.5-12 cm, base cordate, 5-plinerved; petiole (0.5-)1-5 cm; leaf-parts (ob)ovate to oblong, ± attenuate at base, apex (sub)obtuse, sometimes retuse, 1-7 x 0.5-3.5 (-4.5) cm; margin entire. Glands at blade-base 2, contigu-ous, situated on two ± connate thickish auricles making the blade slightly peltate; blade-glands 1-3 (-5), (sub)apical on the lobes. Stipules narrowly triangular, acute, 1-1.5 mm. Inflores-cences peduncled up to 1 (-2) cm, 2-5-flowered in ('male'), 1-3-flowered in ('female'); tendril (0 or) 1.2-6 cm; sterile tendrils up to 10 cm. Male flowers (tubiform to) infundibuliform, including the 3-7 mm long stipe (13-)15-30 mm; hypanthium cup-shaped, (1-)2-4 x 2-4 mm; calyx-tube 0; sepals lanceolate, obtuse, (8-)10-18(-20) mm, entire; petals lanceolate, apex acute to obtuse, 6-11 mm, 1-3-nerved, serrulate; filaments (3-)4.5-7 mm, connate for (1.5-)2.5-4 mm, inserted at the base of the hypanthium; anthers 3-5.5 mm subacute; septa (1-)2.5-4 mm high; corona consisting of either sparse thick hairs c. 0.5 mm or of thinner hairs 0.5-1 mm; disc-glands absent. Female flowers tubiform to infundibuliform, including the 1.5-4 mm long stipe (9-)10-15 mm; hypanthium cup-shaped, 1.5-2 x 2-3 mm; calyx-tube 0; sepals lanceolate, obtuse, 7-9 mm, (sub)en-tire; petals lanceolate, acute, 4-5 mm, 1-nerved, (sub)serrulate; staminodes 2-3.5 mm; septa 1-2 mm high; corona hairs sparse, thick, 0.5-1 mm; disc-glands 0; gynophore 1-2 mm; ovary sub-globose, 2.5-4.5 mm; styles connate up to 0.5 mm, style-arms 1-1.5 mm; stigmas subglobose, papillate, each c. 1.5 mm diam. Fruit 1-2 per inflorescence, (subglobose to) ellipsoid, exclud-ing the 3-5 mm long gynophore 1.8-2.5 x 1.5-2 cm; pericarp coriaceous; seeds 3-5 per capsule, orbicular to heart-shaped, 5.5-7.5 mm. Flowers mainly Aug.-Jan., fruits Oct. and Nov.
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Female flower: (9)10–15 × 2–3 mm. (incl. the 1·5–4 mm. long stipe), tubular-infundibuliform; hypanthium 1·5–2 mm. long; calyx-tube 0; sepals 7–9 mm. long, lanceolate, obtuse, subentire; petals 4–5 × 0·5–1 mm., lanceolate, acute, 1-nerved, irregularly serrulate at the apex; corona of sparse thick hairs; staminodes 2–3·5 mm. long, connate at the base; disk-glands 0; pistil 6–8 mm. long; gynophore 1–2 mm. long; ovary 2·5–4·5 × 2·5–4 mm., subglobose; styles shortly connate at the base, with the arms 1–1·5 mm, long; stigmas c. 1·5 mm. in diameter, subglobose, papillate.
Male flower: (13)15–30 × 2–4 mm. (incl. the 3–7 mm. long stipe), infundibuliform; hypanthium (1)2–4 × 2–3 mm.; calyx-tube 0; sepals (8)10–18(20) mm. long, lanceolate, obtuse, entire; petals 5(6), 6–11 × 1·5–2·5 mm., lanceolate, acute to obtuse at the apex, narrowed to the base, 1–3-nerved, serrulate; corona a fringe of fairly thick hairs 0·5–1 mm. long; stamen-filaments (3)4·5–7 mm. long, ± long-connate at the base, inserted at the base of the hypanthium; anthers 3–5·5 × 1 mm., apiculate; disk-glands 0; vestigial ovary 0·5–1·25 mm. long (incl. the gynophore).
Leaf-lamina 2–12 ×2·5–12 cm., 5-partite to the base, suborbicular in outline, membranous to coriaceous, greyish, glaucous or purplish-grey, sometimes punctate, with 5 main nerves from the base; petiole (0·5)1–5 cm. long; leaf-segments 1–7 × 0·5–3·5(4·5) cm., ovate to oblong, obtuse, sometimes retuse at the apex, margin entire, acute or subacute at the base, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves and rather distinct reticulation.
Glands of the lamina-base 2, 1–2 mm. in diameter, contiguous, on two ± connate, ± fleshy, brownish auricles; lamina-glands 1–3(5), c. 0·25 mm. in diameter, apical or subapical at the extremities of the nerves.
A shrub or climber. It grows attached to other plants. It grows 3 m tall. It grows from a short fat trunk. The flowers are green or yellow. They have a sweet scent. The fruit are orange.
Climber, sometimes shrub-like, up to 3·5 m. high, with the basal part c. 1 × 0·4 m. above ground, thickened and ± fleshy, emitting numerous stems up to 3 m. long.
Shrublike climber, up to 3.5 m high, with tendrils. Glands at leaf base 2. Leaves deeply 5-lobed. Flowers yellow to greenish yellow.
Capsule 1·8–2·5 × 1·5–2 cm., ellipsoid, with the pericarp thickly coriaceous, 3–5-seeded.
Cymes 2–5-flowered in male, 1–3-flowered in female; peduncles 1(2) cm. long.
Seeds 5·5–7·5 × 5·5–7·5× 2·5–3 mm., orbicular, pitted.
Bracts and bracteoles 0·5–2 mm. long, triangular.
Stipules 1–1·5 mm. long, triangular, acute.
Sterile tendrils up to 10 cm. long.
Tendrils (0)1, 2–6 cm. long.
Pedicels 2–20 mm. long.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in dry soils. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses food
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seeds or cuttings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Adenia glauca unspecified picture

Distribution

Adenia glauca world distribution map, present in Botswana and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:674085-1
WFO ID wfo-0000519977
COL ID 9Z4C
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Adenia glauca Modecca glauca