Afrocanthium mundianum (Cham. & Schltdl.) Lantz

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Afrocanthium

Characteristics

Specimina nostra: rami pedales sesquipedales, diametro 2-3 lineari, ramis (angulo semirecto discedentibus) oppositis trichotome-, et altero abortivo dichotome-ramosi, teretiusculi, subnodosi, ad nodos paululum incrassati et compressi, epidermide cinerascente laevi glabra (exsiccatione? leviter corrugata) tecti. Internodia 1-2 poll. longa, in ramulis lateralibus minora. Folia petiolata, ovalia, in petiolum attenuata, breviter obtuseque acutata, laevia, glabra, membranacea, verosimiliter decidua, nervo medio venisque utrinsecus 4-5 ab eo secedentibus et versus marginem inter se anastomosantibus subtus paululum prominulis. Folia ad summum 1 1/2 poll. longa pollicemque lata inveniuntur in nostris speciminibus, majora evasura facile creditu. Petiolus 2-3 lin. longus, subtus convexus, supra leviter canaliculatus, pilisque brevibus erectis albidis densis subbarbatus, pilis et in nervum medium paululum transientibus. Stipulae late ovatae aut subrotundae, subulato acumine mucronatae, ex antecedenti anno in ramorum apicibus tantum aderant, ejusdem ac cortex coloris et consistentiae, reliquae ramorum annotinorum jam delapsae marginem elevatum nudum, foliorum cicatrices protuberantes connectentem, reliquerant. Cymae pedunculatae, multi-(11-17) florae, axillares folio suo breviores, una cum ramulis hornotinis proveniunt, ita quidem, ut in ramulo propullulante terminali cymarum oppositarum alterum par ad basin ejus nudam ex axillis foliorum praecedentis anni proveniat, alterum vero aut ex axillis subjacentibus accedat, foliis igitur nullis suffultum, aut ex ramuli novelli infimis axillis subveniat, foliis novellis suffultum. Cymae pedunculus ramique plerumque nudi, interdum pilis brevissimis paululum pubescentes; in pedunculo hinc inde una alterave bracteola lanceolata acutissima occurrit. Flores pedicellati, pedicello ad 2 lin. longo. Ovarium obovaturn fere obconicum, biloculare, loculis uni-ovulatis, ovulis pendulis. Calycis limbus margo brevissimus 5-dentatus; dentes, sinu latiori fere rectilineo inter se distantes, brevissimi, subsulato-acuminati, vix persistentes? Discus epigynus glandulosus, pulvinatus, calycis limbum fere superans. Corolla ad basin germine paene latior, subcampanulato-infundibuliformis; tubus brevis, sursum paululum dilatatus, extus et intus glaber, fauce leviter albovillosa; limbus 5-partitus, laciniis ovato-triangularibus, dein reflexis, margine tenuiter denseque villoso-ciliatis, extus glabris, intus glabriusculis. Stamina 5-inclusa; filamenta brevissima vix ulla; antherae ovales ad sinus laciniarum corollae affixae. Stylus brevis, corollae tubum aequans, filiformis, sensim attenuatus, glaber, stigmate crasso capitato. Fructus non aderant.
More
Perennial tree or shrub, 2-6 m high. Leaves broadly elliptic to ovate, softly hairy beneath, domatia with white tuft of hairs, apex acute, margins curved, wavy; petioles up to 10 mm long; stipules triangular, 2-6 mm long. Flowers many in axillary cymes, small, faintly scented. Calyx: lobes reduced to a rim. Corolla 4-or 5-lobed, white or yellowish, glabrous. Ovary: style shortly exceeding corolla tube, or rarely somewhat longer, exserted; pollen presenter ± spherical, 2-lobed. Flowering time Sept.-Nov. Fruit ovoid, ± 10 x 11 mm, black, edible, pyrenes appearing as 2 fruit stuck together.
A small tree. It loses its leaves during the year. It grows 3-8 m high. The main stem is straight. There are often a group of small slender stems. The leaves are opposite or in clusters on small side shoots. The leaves are thin and 2-7 cm long by 1-6 cm wide. They are light green. There are tufts of hairs near the veins underneath. The flowers are small and greenish-white. They have a slight scent. The flowers are in clusters in the axils of leaves. The fruit is oblong and unequal in shape. They are 7-10 mm long and have 1-2 lobes. They are black when ripe.
Small tree or shrub, up to 5 m high, unarmed. Leaves ovate to elliptic, concolorous, glabrous or sometimes sparsely pubescent beneath, domatia conspicuous. Corymbs 5-10-flowered, shortly pedunculate. Throat of corolla villous. Flowers greenish.
Shrub or tree to 5 m. Leaves opposite, broadly elliptic to ovate, softly hairy, usually large. Flowers several in axillary cymes, greenish cream, calyx lobes reduced to a rim.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 5.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows from sea level to 1500 m altitude in South Africa. They grow in evergreen forest and in mountain grassland. It grows on rocky mountain hillsides and in forests.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten fresh. They have the flavour of wild medlar.
Uses material medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Afrocanthium mundianum world distribution map, present in Mozambique, eSwatini, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Afrocanthium mundianum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77062253-1
WFO ID wfo-0000335945
COL ID 65G9X
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Plectronia mundiana Afrocanthium mundianum Canthium mundianum Plectronia mundiana var. pubescens Canthium mundianum var. pubescens