Agathosma betulina (P.J.Bergius) Pillans

Buchu (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Rutaceae > Agathosma

Characteristics

Branchlets warted, glabrous. Leaves mostly 1-2 cm long, opposite or alternate, erect-spreading, slightly recurved at the apex, obovate, sometimes very widely so, obtuse, cuneate towards the base, serrate, glabrous, concave up the middle, convex at the margin, with a conspicuous primary nerve and often with secondary nerves beneath, with marginal and scattered glands beneath. Flowers solitary at the ends of very short axillary branchlets bearing very much reduced leaves. Peduncles about 1 mm long, glabrous, with lanceolate ciliolate bracteoles near the base. Sepals 2.5-3 mm long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, obtuse, ciliolate, puberulous above on the upper half, obtusely keeled beneath. Petals 0.8-1 cm long, ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-oblong, very obtuse, cuneate in the lower half, glabrous or sparsely pubescent above, ± ciliolate or ciliate, slightly swollen behind the apex, with many glands beneath near the nerve. Stamens with pubescent filaments. Staminodes 3.5 mm long, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, tapering towards the base, gland-tipped, concave above, ciliate, with the margin involute near the apex. Disk fleshy, crenulate. Ovary with 5 carpels having stalked glands at the sides and bearing obovate-rotund dorsally compressed processes sparsely pubescent above ciliate and with marginal swellings at the base. Style recurved, pilose on the lower half.
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Resprouting, broad-leaved shrub to over 2 m, fragrant. Flowers large, usually solitary, axillary, white to purplish pink. Fruits 5-chambered.
A shrub. It grows 2 m high. The leaves are small, broad and dotted with glands. The flowers are white or pale purple.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A subtropical plant. It grows in the high mountains of the Western cape province of South Africa. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall between 400-700 mm. It can grow in arid places.
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Sandy mountain slopes at elevations of 300-700 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-9

Usage

The leaves and oil are used for flavouring. An oil extract is used to flavour candy, ice cream and baked goods. The leaves are used in the preparation of brandy. The roots are use as a flavouring and preservative.
Uses environmental use food food additive material medicinal oil
Edible leaves roots
Therapeutic use Antiseptic (unspecified), Carminative (unspecified), Catarrh (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Emollient (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Bladder (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Agathosma betulina unspecified picture

Distribution

Agathosma betulina world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:770863-1
WFO ID wfo-0000523353
COL ID 65R7Y
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Parapetalifera betulina Agathosma betulina Barosma betulina Barosma orbicularis Hartogia betulina Diosma betulina Diosma crenata Bucco betulina