Agonandra brasiliensis Miers ex Benth.

Species

Angiosperms > Santalales > Opiliaceae > Agonandra

Characteristics

Trees to 8 m. tall, the bark rough, brown, the branchlets slender, terete, gla-brous, olive-green. Leaves ovate, 2.5-5.5 cm. long, 2-3 cm. broad, abruptly and briefly acuminate at the apex, obtuse and atenuate at the base, glabrous, the costa plane to immersed above, emersed below, the primary lateral veins prominulous; petiole 3-9 mm. long. Staminate inflorescence 30-to 75-flowered, farinose, the rhachis 3-7 cm. long. Staminate flowers (immature): pedicel about 0.5 mm. long; calyx crateriform, about 0.5 mm. long, farinose, undulate; petals 5, ovate, about 1.5 mm. long, 0.75 mm. broad, farinose without, glabrous within; stamens 5, the filaments 1-2 mm. long, glabrous, the anthers about 0.5 mm. long and broad; disc 5-lobed, the lobes very nearly free, about 0.5 mm. long, fleshy, truncate, obscurely and irregularly lobed at the apex, glabrous; pistillode conical, about 0.75 mm. long, glabrous. Pistillate inflorescences 10-to 15-flowered, farinose, the rhachis 0.5-4.5 cm. long. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 0.5-0.75 mm. long; calyx crateriform, about 0.25 mm. long, farinose without, the margin undulate; petals 4, ovate-trigonal, about 1 mm. long, 0.5 mm. broad at the base, farinose without, indefinitely papillate to glabrous within; disc annular, about 0.25 mm. tall, irregularly lobed to the middle, glabrous; ovary doleiform, 0.5-0.75 mm. long, glabrous, the style obsolete, the stigma 4-lobed. Berry ovoid, 12-15 mm. long, 10-12 mm. in diameter, glabrous; pedicel 5-8 mm. long.
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Small tree, 3-12(-20) m tall, with thick corky, longitudinally furrowed, pale yellow-grey bark; young branches finely warty to puberulous. Petioles 5-20 mm; blades chartaceous to coriaceous, broadly ovate to narrowly elliptic, 4-9 x 2-5 cm, apex acute to shortly acuminate, base rounded to attenuate, shining above, dull below, primary vein flat above, prominent beneath, secondary veins 6-8 per side, prominulous above and beneath. Racemes axillary, puberulous, male racemes 3-6 cm, female racemes 2-4 cm long; bracts caducous, broadly ovate to rhombic, ca. 2 mm long, upper half with ciliate margin; flowers usually 3 per bract with 2 very small bracteoles at the base of the pedicels of the lateral flowers. Pedicels and flowers puberulous, pedicels 1-2.5 mm long. Male flowers: tepals oblong, acute, 2-3 mm long; stamens 2.5-3.5 mm long, anthers oval, 0.5 mm; disc lobes fleshy, 0.5-0.7 mm long, apex irregularly toothed; rudimentary pistil cylindric, ca. 1 mm long. Female flowers: tepals 0.5 mm long; disc annular, thinly fleshy, up to 0.2 mm high; pistil conical, 0.5 mm long. Drupe 2.3 x 1.7 cm, pedicel up to 10 mm long.
A small tree. It grows about 12 m tall. The bark is thick and corky. The leaves are oval or sword shaped and taper to a short tip. The flowers are in groups in the axils of the small branches. The fruit is yellow and fleshy with a stone inside. It is 12-15 mm long by 10-12 mm wide.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality -
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Mature height (meter) 8.0 - 12.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Sandy and calcareous terrains in semi-deciduous woodland. Savannah and deciduous forest, sometimes in riparian forest.
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It is a tropical plant. In Brazil it grows in dry secondary forests and savannah.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are used to prepare marmalade.
Uses charcoal material medicinal non-vertebrate poison oil wood
Edible fruits roots saps
Therapeutic use -
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Images

Agonandra brasiliensis unspecified picture

Distribution

Agonandra brasiliensis world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Agonandra brasiliensis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30244571-2
WFO ID wfo-0000524450
COL ID 664XY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Agonandra brasiliensis

Lower taxons

Agonandra brasiliensis subsp. brasiliensis