Leaf blades: margins often undulate, usually entire, sometimes lobed, faces usually puberulent to densely villous, sometimes glabrous, rarely glaucous. Peduncles usually apically villous to lanate (glabrous in one phase), sometimes ± stipitate-glandular. Involucres obconic to hemispheric. Phyllaries often medially rosy purple and usually with some combination of purple-black spots, speckles, midstripes, or tips, rarely all green, margins ± undulate or reflexed, often hairy, faces usually villous to hirsuto-tomentose, sometimes glabrous, mostly stipitate-glandular; outer erect or spreading, usually adaxially villous, sometimes glabrous. Receptacles usually ± paleate. Cypselae usually glabrous, sometimes scabrous distally. 2n = 36.