Alchornea rugosa Müll.Arg.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Alchornea

Characteristics

Shrubs or small trees, 1.5-5 m tall, dioecious. Branchlets pubescent when young, becoming glabrous. Stipules subulate, 5-7 mm; petiole 0.5-3 cm; leaf blade cuneate-obovate or elliptic to broadly lanceolate, 10-21 × 4-10 cm, thickly papery, base obtuse or slightly cordate, with 2 glands, stipels absent, margins serrulate, apex acuminate; venation pinnate, lateral veins 8-12 pairs. Inflorescence terminal, branched, 7-25 cm, puberulent or glabrous; bracts triangular, ca. 1.5 mm, base usually with 2 glands. Male flowers 5-11 per bract; pedicel ca. 0.5 mm; buds globose, ca. 1 mm in diam., pilose; sepals 2-4; stamens 4-8. Female flowers: pedicel ca. 1 mm, pubescent; sepals 5, triangular, pubescent; ovary densely puberulent; styles 3, filiform. 3.5-7 mm. Fruiting pedicel ca. 2 mm; capsule 3-lobed, ca. 8 mm in diam., subglabrous. Seeds ovoid, ca. 5 mm, brownish, verrucate. Fl. and fr. year-round.
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Shrub to 3 (–5) m high. Stipules linear, 2–4 mm long. Leaves petiolate; petiole 3–28 mm long; lamina cuneate-oblanceolate, spathulate, rarely elliptic, 35–270 mm long, 15–90 mm wide; margin crenate with 8–12 antrorse, spineless teeth per side; teeth 1–2 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, up to 170 mm long. Male flowers 2–4 per glomerule; pedicels up to 2 mm long; sepals 2 or 3, splitting equally, ovate, c. 1 mm long, c. 1 mm wide; stamens 4. Female flowers: pedicels c. 1 mm long; styles erect to recurved, 3–5 mm long, entire. Fruit subglobose, 5–6 mm long, c. 10 mm diam. Seeds 3.5–5.5 mm long, 2.7–5 mm wide, yellow-brown.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.75 - 7.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Shady or semi-shady places in various primary forest types; secondary and very degraded seasonal forests; grass fields, cultivated places; coconut plantations etc; often in wet places like marshes or along water courses; up to 1,200 metres.
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Grows in vine-forest on a variety of soil types, often near watercourses or the beach.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal social use wood
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Ague (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Alchornea rugosa world distribution map, present in Andorra, Australia, China, India, Moldova (Republic of), Myanmar, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Alchornea rugosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:338454-1
WFO ID wfo-0000939798
COL ID BJGG
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Aparisthmium javanicum Adelia glandulosa Cladodes rugosa Alchornea petalostyla Alchornea rugosa Conceveiba javanensis Conceveiba latifolia Croton apetalus Alchornea hainanensis Alchornea javanensis Alchornea pubescens Alchornea rugosa var. pubescens Alchornea hainanensis var. pubescens Alchornea rugosa var. macrocarpa Aparisthmium javanense Tragia innocua Alchornea javanensis Alchornea rugosa var. rugosa