Allium acuminatum Hook.

Tapertip onion (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Amaryllidaceae > Allium

Characteristics

Bulbs 1–12+, not basally clustered, not forming rhizomes, ovoid to ± globose, 0.8–1.6 × 0.9–1.6 cm; outer coats enclosing 1 or more renewal bulbs, ± yellow-brown, prominently cellular-reticulate, membranous, cells square or polygonal, walls thick, obscurely sinuous, without fibers; inner coats white, cells obscure, ± quadrate. Leaves persistent, withering from tip by anthesis, 2–3, basally sheathing, sheaths not extending much above soil surface; blade solid, subterete or ± channeled, 7–30 cm × 1–3 mm, margins entire. Scape persistent, solitary, erect, solid, terete, 10–35 cm × 1–3 mm. Umbel persistent, erect, loose, 10–40-flowered, hemispheric, bulbils unknown; spathe bracts persistent, 2, 3–7-veined, lanceolate to ovate, ± equal, apex acuminate. Flowers campanulate, 8–15 mm; tepals erect, pink to rose-purple, or white, lanceolate to lance-ovate, unequal, becoming rigid and keeled in fruit, margins finely denticulate (inner tepal more prominently so), apex acuminate, outer tepal longer and wider than inner, spreading to recurved at tip, inner tepal with strongly recurved tips; stamens included; anthers yellow; pollen yellow; ovary crested; processes 3, central, 2-lobed, rounded, minute, margins entire; style linear, equaling stamens; stigma capitate, scarcely thickened, obscurely 3-lobed; pedicel 6–25 mm. Seed coat dull or shining; cells minutely roughened. 2n = 14.
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An onion family plant with a bulb. It grows to 30 cm tall and spreads to 8 cm across. The leaves are 12 mm long. The leaves taper to the tip. The bulb is 10-15 mm wide. The flowers are pinkish purple. They are urn shaped.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.08 - 0.09
Mature height (meter) 0.3
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.2
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows naturally in Western North America from Washington to Northern California amongst dry sunny rocks on hills and plains. It grows in a sunny position in a light well drained soil. They do not suit cool wet climates. It suits hardiness zones 4-9.
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Amongst dry sunny rocks on hills and plains. Dry slopes and plains; at elevations from 100-1,500 metres
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-4
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The bulb is eaten raw or cooked in early spring. The leaves are eaten raw or cooked. The flowers are eaten raw in salads. The seed heads can be placed in hot ashes to extract the seeds which are then eaten.
Uses insecticide medicinal
Edible bulbs flowers leaves roots seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Bulbs need to be planted fairly deeply. It should not be grown with legumes as it limits their growth. Plants can be grown from seed or by division of clumps. Seeds take a year to establish.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Allium acuminatum flower picture by Peter Nelson (cc-by-sa)
Allium acuminatum flower picture by Mary Lou Sagaser (cc-by-sa)
Allium acuminatum flower picture by John Copeland (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Allium acuminatum world distribution map, present in Canada, Colombia, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:527518-1
WFO ID wfo-0000755524
COL ID BTWT
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Allium cuspidatum Allium acuminatum Allium elwesii Allium murrayanum Allium wallichianum Allium acuminatum var. cuspidatum