Allium sphaerocephalon L.

Ail sphérocéphale au sens large (fr), Ail à tête ronde (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Amaryllidaceae > Allium

Characteristics

An onion family plant. It is a bulb plant. It grows 60-90 cm high and spreads 30-50 cm wide. The leaves are hollow and 30 cm long. There are 2-6 leaves on each bulb. They sheath the lower part of the stem. The bract around the flowers has 2 valves and a short beak. The flower-heads are cone shaped. They have small, purple or red flowers. There can sometimes be bulbils. The flower-heads can be 2-4 cm across. The stamens stick out.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 0.71
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.14
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in sandy and rocky places in grass. It suits hardiness zones 5-9.
More
Limestone rocks and fields in dry places.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 2-9
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The bulbs are eaten. The dried leaves are used as food. The flowers can be eaten raw or used as a garnish on salads. They are used in salads and soups.
Uses environmental use food gene source medicinal
Edible bulbs flowers leaves roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Allium sphaerocephalon habit picture by Sabina Hartmann (cc-by-sa)
Allium sphaerocephalon habit picture by Pierre LEON (cc-by-sa)
Allium sphaerocephalon habit picture by Lisa Giovannoli (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Allium sphaerocephalon leaf picture by Else Nolden (cc-by-sa)
Allium sphaerocephalon leaf picture by Pierre LEON (cc-by-sa)
Allium sphaerocephalon leaf picture by Partanen Asta (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Allium sphaerocephalon flower picture by marina (cc-by-sa)
Allium sphaerocephalon flower picture by Mallol Camprubí Albert (cc-by-sa)
Allium sphaerocephalon flower picture by Phill Price (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Allium sphaerocephalon fruit picture by Else Nolden (cc-by-sa)
Allium sphaerocephalon fruit picture by michel leport (cc-by-sa)
Allium sphaerocephalon fruit picture by Benoît Segerer (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Allium sphaerocephalon world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Egypt, Spain, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Morocco, Montenegro, Palau, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:528894-1
WFO ID wfo-0000757393
COL ID 65WX3
BDTFX ID 3228
INPN ID 81520
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Allium atroviolaceum Allium lineare Allium parviflorum Allium tenuiflorum Allium purpureum Porrum sphaerocephaluon Porrum sphaerocephalum Allium cornutum Allium veronense Allium margaritaceum var. robustum Allium sphaerocephalon var. descendens Allium arvense subsp. aestivum Allium rotundum var. bosniacum Allium sphaerocephalon var. crinitum Allium sphaerocephalon var. approximatum Allium arvense var. tenuiflorum Allium sardoum var. gherardii Allium sphaerocephalon var. purpureum Allium sphaerocephalon var. bosniacum Allium sphaerocephalon subsp. descendens Allium sphaerocephalon

Lower taxons

Allium sphaerocephalon subsp. arvense Allium sphaerocephalon subsp. trachypus Allium sphaerocephalon subsp. sphaerocephalon Allium sphaerocephalon var. aegaeum Allium sphaerocephalon subsp. laxiflorum