Allium victorialis L.

Victory onion (en), Ail de la Sainte-Victoire (fr), Ail victorial (fr), Herbe à neuf chemises (fr), Ail de la victoire (fr), Ail des cerfs (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Amaryllidaceae > Allium

Characteristics

Bulbs 1–several, attached to ± oblique rhizome, cylindric-conic, 5–6 × 1–2 cm; outer coats enclosing 1 or more bulbs, light brown to grayish brown, reticulate, cells fine-meshed, open, ± fibrous; inner coat white to light brown, not appearing cellular, 10–18-veined, veins prominent, parallel. Leaves persistent, green at anthesis, 2–3, sheathing proximal 1/3–1/2 scape; blade solid, flat, narrowly lanceolate to broadly elliptic, 10–20 cm × 15–90 mm, base evidently petiolate, margins entire; petiole 1–20 cm. Scape persistent, solitary, erect, terete distally, 2-edged proximally, 30–70 cm × 2–3 mm. Umbel persistent, erect, loose, 20–35-flowered, hemispheric, bulbels unknown; spathe bracts persistent, 1–2, 3–6-veined, lanceolate to ovate, ± equal, apex obtuse, nearly beakless. Flowers stellate, 4–5 mm; tepals spreading, white or greenish white, outer lanceolate, inner narrowly ovate, ± equal, reflexed in age, withering in fruit, margins entire, apex acute or obtuse; stamens exserted; anthers yellow; pollen yellow; ovary crestless; style exserted, linear, equaling stamens or longer; stigma capitate, scarcely thickened; pedicel 10–30 mm. Seed coat not known.
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Bulb solitary or clustered, subcylindric; tunic grayish brown to blackish brown, reticulate. Leaves 2 or 3; petiole 2--10 cm; leaf blade oblanceolate-elliptic to elliptic, 8--12 × 3--9.5 cm, base cuneate to broadly so, gradually narrowed into petiole, decurrent, apex acute or acuminate. Scape 25--80 cm, terete, covered with leaf sheaths for 1/4--1/2 its length. Spathe 2-valved, persistent. Umbel globose. Pedicels 2--4 × as long as perianth, ebracteolate. Perianth white or slightly tinged with green, very rarely tinged with red; outer segments boat-shaped, 4--5 × 1.5--2 mm, apex obtuse; inner ones elliptic-ovate, (4.5--)5--6 × 2--3 mm, apex obtuse, usually denticulate. Filaments 1.3--2 × as long as perianth segments, connate at base and adnate to perianth segments; outer ones subulate; inner ones narrowly triangular, wider, 1--1.5 mm wide at base. Ovary constricted at base into a stipe ca. 1 mm; ovules 1 per locule. Fl. and fr. Jun--Aug. 2 n = 16, 32*.
An onion family plant. It is a bulb plant. There can be one bulb or a cluster. The covering is greyish-brown. There are 2-3 leaves. The leaf stalk is 2-10 cm long and the leaf blade is 8-12 cm long by 3-9.5 cm wide. The base is wedge shaped narrowing into the leaf stalk. It tapers to the tip.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Rocky and stony places in mountains, usually on calcareous soils. Forests, shady and moist slopes, pastures and streamsides at elevations from 600-2,500 metres in China.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows in forests and shady moist places near streams between 600-2500 m altitude in N China. In Sichuan.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The leaves and bulbs are eaten fresh in salads. They are also pickled. They are also dried. The flowers can be eaten raw and used as a garnish in salads.
Uses food medicinal
Edible bulbs flowers leaves rhizomes roots stems
Therapeutic use Diuretic (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Heart (unspecified), Flatulence (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 10
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Allium victorialis habit picture by Patrice Bracquart (cc-by-sa)
Allium victorialis habit picture by Eric Rebsamen (cc-by-sa)
Allium victorialis habit picture by Kai Riess (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Allium victorialis leaf picture by Jean-Marc Vanel (cc-by-sa)
Allium victorialis leaf picture by Denis Bastianelli (cc-by-sa)
Allium victorialis leaf picture by Prieto Martínez Javier (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Allium victorialis flower picture by Andriesse Jeroen (cc-by-sa)
Allium victorialis flower picture by huy HO (cc-by-sa)
Allium victorialis flower picture by Kabilan Nadarajah (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Allium victorialis fruit picture by Llandrich anna (cc-by-sa)
Allium victorialis fruit picture by huy HO (cc-by-sa)
Allium victorialis fruit picture by gianni corazza (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Allium victorialis world distribution map, present in Austria, Bulgaria, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, France, Hungary, Italy, Nepal, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:529108-1
WFO ID wfo-0000757703
COL ID 65WWJ
BDTFX ID 3275
INPN ID 81543
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cepa victorialis Loncostemon victorialis Allium convallarifolium Allium longibulbum Anguinum victorialis Allium plantaginense Allium plantagineum Geboscon triphylum Berenice victorialis Allium anguinum Allium reticulatum Geboscon lanceolatum Caloscordum victorialis Allium victorialis