Amaranthus californicus (Moq.) S.Watson

California amaranth (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Amaranthaceae > Amaranthus

Characteristics

Prostrate, radially spreading delicate annuals, the branches to as much as 5 dm. long, often tinged with anthocyanins. Leaves glabrous, bullate, entire, often white-margined, ovate to obovate and spatulate, apically emarginate to rounded and mucronate, basally attenuate, 3-25 mm. long, 2-12 mm. broad, the petioles 3-25 mm. long. Flowers in axillary, often leafy, few-flowered clusters, with every node often bearing an inflorescence, these ultimately shorter than the petioles. Flowers monoecious; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, apically aristate, 1.5-2.5 mm. long; sepals 3 and quite unequal, or 1-2 in the pistillate flowers, linear to lanceolate, acute to obtuse, 0.4-1.0 mm. long; sepals of the staminate flowers 3, subequal; stamens 2, discrete, ca. 1 mm. long; ovary ellipsoid, the stigmata 3, ca. as long as the ovary at anthesis. Fruit a utricle, circurnscissile about the middle, rugose, 1-1.5 mm. long, 1-1.5 mm. broad; seeds cochleate-orbiculate, dark reddish-brown, lustrous, minutely pebbled, 0.8-1.1 mm. broad.
More
Plants annual, glabrous. Stems prostrate, whitish or tinged with red, much-branched from base, 0.1-0.5 m, rather fleshy. Leaves: petiole 1/2 or less as long as blade; blade pale green, veins prominent, obovate, spatulate, or oblanceolate to linear, 0.3-2(-3) × 0.2-1.5 cm, base cuneate, margins entire, plane or slightly undulate, apex obtuse to subacute, with prominent mucro. Inflorescences axillary clusters borne from bases to tops of plants. Bracts of pistillate flowers linear, 0.5-1 mm, ± equaling tepals. Pistillate flowers: tepals 1-3, narrowly lanceolate, unequal, usually with only 1 well-developed tepal, largest 1-1.2 mm, apex acute to acuminate; stigmas 3. Staminate flowers intermixed with pistillate; tepals (2-)3; stamens 3. Utricles subglobose, 1-1.2 mm, smooth or wrinkled (especially in dry plants), dehiscence regularly circumscissile or tardily dehiscent. Seeds very dark reddish brown, lenticular, (0.6-)0.7-1 mm diam., shiny.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.1
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Light 7-8
Soil humidity 5-6
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 4-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) 19 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Amaranthus californicus unspecified picture

Distribution

Amaranthus californicus world distribution map, present in Canada, Mexico, Panama, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1053905-2
WFO ID wfo-0000530112
COL ID CGYW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Amaranthus albomarginatus Amaranthus californicus Mengea californica