Amesiodendron chinense (Merr.) Hu

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Sapindaceae > Amesiodendron

Characteristics

Tree up to 25 m high, dbh up to 60 cm, with buttresses up to 1.80 m high, crown dense, widely spreading, bark grey-brown, scaly. Twigs terete, 3-8 mm in diam., light greyish to yellowish (or red-dish) brown, glabrous or sometimes minutely pu-berulous, densely warty lenticellate, later becom-ing more greyish and more smooth. Leaves: petiole 2-5 cm long, ± flattened above; rachis flattened above; petiolules 2-8 mm long, deeply grooved above. Leaflets: lower ones symmetrical, ovate, 4-15 by 1.25-4 cm, index 3-4, middle and upper ones asymmetrical and often slightly falcate, acroscop-ic side wider, elliptic, 8-15 by 2-4 cm, index 3.5-4, pergamentaceous to coriaceous (or chartaceous), glabrous (or above on the basal part of the midrib iparsely to fairly densely minutely puberulous); base acute, in the higher leaflets acute at the nar-rower side, rounded and attenuate at the broader Hide; apex often long-tapering, acute, mucronulate; midrib above a slender rib which may be slightly sunken towards the base, beneath prominent; nerves 5-7.5(-15) mm apart, straight or slightly curved, strongly curved towards the margin, above mostly prominulous, beneath prominent; veins and vein-lets rather reticulate, above often only the stronger veins visible, beneath prominulous and distinct. Inflorescence a widely and laxly branched thyrse, up to 30 cm long, densely puberulous; main branches few, erecto-patent, sparsely branching again. Flowers pink (outside Malesia apparently mostly white), in often ± opposite, nearly sessile, about 5-flowered cymes, in the lower parts of the branches rather distant, clustered towards the apices; pedicels of lateral flowers less than 1 mm long, of cen-tral flower up to 2.5 mm long; bracts caducous, bracteoles deltoid, minute. Sepals deltoid, c. 1 mm high. Petals transversely elliptic to orbicular, 0.8-1.2 by 0.6-1.4 mm; scale subquadrangular to tri-angular or heart-shaped, 0.5-1.2 by 1.2-1.4 mm, erect to bent. Stamens c. 4 mm long; filaments thread-like; anthers suborbicular, 0.33-0.5 mm long, red. Pistil: style c. 4 mm long, slender; locules glabrous inside. Fruits dark brown, usually only 1 or 2 lobe(s) developed, these globular, 3-3.5 cm in diam., connate for c. 2.5 cm; wall 2-5 mm thick. Seeds globular, 2.5-2.75 cm in diam., testa hard, smooth, shining reddish brown, around the hilum with an orbicular to kidney-shaped sarcotesta 1.5-2.5 by 1.5 cm.
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Trees, 5-25 m tall. Bark dark gray, nearly smooth; branches dark reddish brown, strong, stout, shallowly furrowed, pubescent. Leaves with petiole 15-30 cm, axis pubescent or subglabrous; leaflets (3 or)4-6(or 7)-jugate; petiolules 4-8 mm; blades brown when dry, thinly leathery, first pair (near base) ovate, others oblong or oblong-lanceolate, sometimes lanceolate, bilaterally slightly asymmetrical, 6-12 × 1.5-3 cm or slightly larger, abaxially sometimes pilosulose, lateral veins 10-12 pairs, slender, base broadly cuneate, margin rugose wavy, hardly to sharply serrate, apex shortly acuminate or sometimes cuspidate. Inflorescences often several fascicled at branch apex, occasionally solitary and axillary, densely tomentose. Flowers unisexual. Pedicels 2-3 mm. Sepals ca. 1 mm. Petals white, ovate, ca. 2 mm; scale entire, apex reflexed, abaxial surface and margin densely rugose long hairy. Stamens 8 or sometimes 9; filaments 3-4 mm, densely villous; anthers pilose. Ovary and style tomentose. Schizocarps black or brown, subglobose, 2-2.5 cm in diam., slightly to coarsely tuberculous and with dense, pale brown small lenticels. Seeds ca. 2 cm wide. Fl. May, fr. Oct-Sep.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
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Mature height (meter) 25.0
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AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
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Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses food
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Cultivation

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Images

Distribution

Amesiodendron chinense world distribution map, present in China, Indonesia, Iceland, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Malaysia, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Amesiodendron chinense threat status: Near Threatened

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782003-1
WFO ID wfo-0000530896
COL ID CRRJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Amesiodendron chinense Amesiodendron integrifoliolatum Paranephelium chinense