Amherstia nobilis Wall.

Pride of burma (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Amherstia

Characteristics

Tree up to 12(-20) m high. Stipules foliaceous, lanceolate, 2-4 cm long, caducous. Leaves paripinnate, (4-)6-8-jugate, 30-60 cm long; new leaves pendent, developing in tassels, pinkish coppery, then bronze. Leaflets opposite or subopposite, oblong-lan-ceolate or oblong, (7-)14-34 by (4-)5.5-8.5 cm; petiolules 7.5-10 mm. Inflorescences terminal, simple, pendulous, racemose, 50-80 cm long, 20-26-flowered; peduncles 12-30 cm; bracts caducous; bracteoles 2, large, enclosing flower bud, opposite, valvate or slightly imbricate, persistent, lanceolate or oblong, (4.5-)8-9 by (1.5-) 3-3.75 cm; pedicels red, 6-12 cm. Hypanthium red, 3.5-4.5 cm long. Calyx lobes 4, petaloid, imbricate, narrow-oblong or-lanceolate, 4.75-5.75 by 1-2.25 cm, often reflexed, curved or coiled, rarely straight at anthesis. Petals 5, unequal, red, blotched with a large yellow spot and a reddish violet band: 1 uppermost, obcordate, 5.5-7 by 5-5.5 cm; 2 lateral, cuneiform, 5.5-7 by 1.75-2.25 cm; 2 lowermost, minute, rudimentary, subulate, 6-7 mm long. Stamens unequal, fertile, 10 (didelphous) or 9 (mono-delphous), alternately long and short; 9 filaments united at the lower half into a sheath or slightly tube-like, united parts 2.5-3 cm long; free parts 3.5-5.5 cm (long ones) and c. 0.5 cm (short ones); anthers oblong, versatile, alternately large (or longer) and smaller (or shorter), 4-11 mm long. Pistil: free part of stipe 7-10 mm; ovary falcate, compressed, 12-20 mm long, densely hairy, 4-6-ovuled; style filiform, 35-30 mm; stigma small, capitellate. Pods woody, oblong, or scimitar-like, flattened, dehiscent, 11-20 by 4-5 cm, 4-6-seeded. Seeds transversely ovate-orbicular, much compressed, 1.75-2.5 by 2-2.75 cm, exarillate, exalbuminous.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 13.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Lowland, monsoon teak forest on calcareous soil.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

UsesIt is cultivated as an ornamental especially for the large, vermillion-coloured flowers. In Burma the magnificent flowers have been collected and carried daily as offerings to the images of Buddha. See Hooker Bot. Mag. 1849 t. 4453 Hoola van Nooten Fl. Fr. Feuil. Java 1863-64 t. 2 Burkill Diet. Econ. Prod. Malay Penins. 1935 132. Corner (1950) mentioned that the tree of Amherstia is thought by some to be the loveliest in the world. He also stated: "Nothing appears to be known of the evolution or mechanism of the strange flowers; or why the species should be restricted to Burma."
Uses environmental use material ornamental
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Amherstia nobilis leaf picture by Adeline Lee (cc-by-sa)
Amherstia nobilis leaf picture by Adeline Lee (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Amherstia nobilis world distribution map, present in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bangladesh, Brazil, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, El Salvador, Seychelles, and Thailand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:473718-1
WFO ID wfo-0000184535
COL ID CRYK
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447023
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Amherstia nobilis