Ammannia auriculata Willd.

Eared redstem (en), Ammannie (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Lythraceae > Ammannia

Characteristics

Annual erect simple or ± branched herb, 10–65(–80) cm. tall; branches 4-angled and narrowly winged above, sometimes ± scabrous.. Leaves linear to ± lanceolate, 1.5–8 cm. long, 0.2–1.4 cm. wide, narrowed to subacute apex, auriculate-cordate at the base or cuneate in some of the lower leaves, entire, 1-nerved, sometimes minutely scabrous.. Flowers 4-merous in lax (2–)3–15-flowered dichasia; peduncle 0.4–1 (–1.8) cm. long; pedicels 0.5–3(–6) mm. long; bracteoles lanceolate, ± 1 mm. long.. Calyx-tube campanulate, 1–1.5(–3) mm. long; lobes 4, triangular, 0.4–0.7 mm. long; appendages up to 0.3(–1) mm. long.. Petals pink to mauve, ± round to obovate, 0.6–0.7(–2) mm. long and wide.. Stamens 4–8, exserted; filaments 0.8–2.5 mm. long.. Ovary globose, 0.8–1.5 mm. in diameter; style filiform, 0.5–2.5 mm. long.. Capsule globose, (1.5–)1.7–3.5 mm. in diameter (usually under 3 in East Africa), equalling or slightly exceeding the lobes.. Seeds brownish, concave-convex, 0.4–1 mm. long.. Fig. 12/1–4.
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Erect, 1–3 dm, pyramidally branched, with short ascending branches beginning above the base; lvs membranous, linear or lance-linear, 1.5–5 cm, cuneate to a barely auriculate sessile base; cymes 3–15-fld, on slender axillary peduncles 4–10 mm; pedicels 1–3 mm; fls small, the hypanthium at an thesis mostly 1.5–2.5 mm, the caducous pet mostly 1–2 mm, deep rose-purple; anthers 4, yellow; sep triangular, shortly surpassed by the fr, this 2–3.5 mm thick; style persistent, 1.5–3 mm; ovary and fruit 4-locular; 2n=32. Borders of ponds, and similar wet places; N.D. to Tex., and irregularly pantropical, perhaps not entering our range, most of our plants so identified in the past being extremes of no. 2. [Ammannia coccinea Rottb.] July–Oct.
Herbs, 15-60 cm tall. Stems branched. Leaves opposite, narrowly lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, l.5-7.5 cm × 3-15 mm, base cordate-auriculate, clasping. Flowers (1-)3-15, commonly ca. 7, in axillary cymes; pedicels 1-3(-6) mm; peduncle 3-9 mm, commonly ca. 5 mm; bracteoles linear, not reaching floral tube. Floral tube campanulate to urceolate, 1.5-2 mm, conspicuously 4-8-ribbed; sepals 4, broadly deltate; epicalyx segments minute, thickened. Petals 4, rose-purple, suborbicular, ca. 1.5 mm, sometimes absent. Stamens 4-8, long-exserted. Style ca. as long as or longer than ovary. Capsules 1.5-3(-3.5) mm in diam., equal to surpassing floral tube. Fl. Aug-Dec, fr. Aug-Dec. 2n = 30, 32.
Herb, erect, not greatly branched, to 40 cm high. Leaves sessile; lamina oblong-linear to lanceolate, 1–6 cm long, acute to acuminate, the base cordate-auriculate. Flowers in open axillary cymes; peduncle 6–9 mm long, rarely less; pedicel 1–6 mm long. Hypanthium campanulate, c. 1–1.5 mm deep; appendages reduced or absent. Sepals shortly triangular, c. 0.2 mm long. Petals orbicular, c. 1.5 mm long, purple. Stamens 4–8, exserted. Capsule globose, 1.5–3 mm diam., slightly exceeding hypanthium; dehiscence irregular-circumscissile.
Erect annual herb, 0.13-0.65 m high. Leaves flat, opposite, bases hastate. Flowers in lax axillary compound cymes; bracts less than half as long as calyx, one colour. Peduncles up to 6 mm long. Calyx lobes 4 or 5, with large appendages. Petals present. Stamens 4, exserted. Style 1.45-2.60 mm long. Flowers pink.
Annual herb, 6-45 mm tall. Primary peduncles (3-)6-14 mm long. Calyx appendages absent. Petals present. Style (1.0-)0.3-1.5 mm long. Mature fruits inflated and bubble-like, membranous-papery and shining, usually chestnut-coloured. Flowers pink or purple.
Leaves 15–80 × 3–14 mm., linear or sublanceolate, attenuate to the subacute apex, margin entire, sometimes minutely scabrous, 1-nerved, the nerve impressed above, prominent below, cordate-auriculate at the base (sometimes the lower ones cuneate).
Stem up to 5 mm. thick and subterete below, tapering upwards, the upper part of stem and the branches 4-gonous, narrowly winged to the apex, the wings sometimes scabrous.
Calyx-tube campanulate, 1–1·5 mm. long; lobes 4, deltoid, attaining 1/3–1/2 of the calyx-tube length; appendages 4, ± distinct, up to 0–5 mm. long.
Dichasia (2)3–15-flowered, loose, with the peduncle 4–10 (18) mm. long; bracteoles lanceolate.
Capsule 2–3·5 mm. in diameter, globose, equalling or slightly exceeding the lobes.
Ovary 1–1·5 mm. in diameter, globose; style 0·5–1·8 mm. long, filiform.
Annual erect simple or ± branched herb up to 65 cm. high.
Seeds c. 0·4 mm. long, brownish, concave-convex.
Flowers 4-merous, with pedicel 0·5–3 mm. long.
Petals obovate, 0·6–0·7 mm. long, pink.
Erect herb, 1–2 ft. high
Stamens 4–8, exserted.
Flowers pink
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grows in damp or swampy areas.
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In marshy places.
Light -
Soil humidity 7-11
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Ammannia auriculata world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Anguilla, Argentina, Armenia, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Azerbaijan, Burundi, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Burkina Faso, Bulgaria, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Botswana, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Congo, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Georgia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Cambodia, Madagascar, Mexico, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritania, Malawi, Malaysia, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Nepal, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Palau, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Paraguay, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, El Salvador, South Sudan, Seychelles, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uruguay, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Ammannia auriculata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552658-1
WFO ID wfo-0000530923
COL ID CSZC
BDTFX ID 76341
INPN ID 160298
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ammannia auriculata f. indica Ammannia hyrcanica Nesaea transvaalica Ronconia triflora Ammannia arenaria Ammannia auriculata Ammannia longipes Ammannia undulata Ammannia wrightii Ammannia auriculata f. persica Ammannia racemosa Ammannia racemosa Ammannia auriculata var. arenaria Ammannia auriculata var. elata Ammannia senegalensis var. brasiliensis Ammannia senegalensis var. riparia Nesaea dinteri subsp. elata Ammannia senegalensis var. auriculata Ammannia auriculata f. senegambica Ammannia auriculata f. undulata Ammannia auriculata f. brasiliensis Ammannia auriculata f. hyrcanica Ammannia senegalensis f. indica Ammannia sanguinolenta Ammannia auriculata var. auriculata