Ammannia coccinea Rottb.

Valley redstem (en), Ammannia écarlate (fr), Ammannie écarlate (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Lythraceae > Ammannia

Characteristics

Erect slender herbs to 4 dm. tall, glabrous throughout, the stems angular. Leaves sessile, narrowly oblong, acute at the apex, auriculate-amplexicaul at the base, 1.5-6.5 cm. long, 0.2-1.3 cm. wide, the veins obscure. Inflorescence spiciform, leafy-bracted, the flowers in subsessile 1-to 3-flowered minutely bracteate cymes. Hy-panthium urceolate, exappendiculate, becoming globose in fruit, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, about 2 mm. broad at the orifice, the calyx lobes generally unequal. Petals as many as calyx lobes, about 1.5-mm. long, 1.25 mm. wide, violet. Stamens exserted, the filaments glabrous, the anthers about 0.5 mm. long. Ovary ovoid, about 1.5-2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. in diameter, glabrous; style 1.5-2.5 mm. long.
More
Herbs, annual, to 60[-100] cm tall. Stems branched. Leaves opposite, sessile, linear-lanceolate, 1.6-8 cm × 3[-15] mm, glaucescent, base cordate to auriculate, clasping. Flowers (1-)3-5 in axillary cymes; pedicels ca. 2 mm; peduncle absent to 9 mm; bracteoles reaching floral tube. Floral tube urceolate, 3-5 mm; sepals 4(or 5), broadly deltate; epicalyx segments thickened, ca. as long as sepals. Petals 4(or 5), rose-purple, obovate, ca. 2 mm. Stamens 4(-7), slightly exserted. Style ca. as long as or longer than ovary, well-exserted. Capsules 3.5-5 mm in diam., equal to or exceeding floral tube, rarely included. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 66.
Amphidiploid of nos. 1 [Ammannia auriculata Willd.] and 3 [Ammannia robusta Heer & Regel]; stems often freely branched; cymes mostly with 3 or more fls, subsessile or on a short stout peduncle to 4+ mm; pedicels short and stout, or none; hypanthium mostly 2–3.5 mm; pet 1.7–2.5+ mm, deep rose-purple; anthers deep yellow; fr 3.5–4.5 mm thick; 2n=66. N.J. and Pa. to N.D., s. to trop. Amer.; Calif. July–Sept.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 7-8
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 1-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Ammannia coccinea leaf picture by Kendra RaiderNature (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Ammannia coccinea world distribution map, present in Argentina, Antigua and Barbuda, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bahamas, Belize, Barbados, Canada, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Spain, France, Guadeloupe, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guam, Honduras, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Mexico, Northern Mariana Islands, Martinique, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Portugal, Sudan, Turks and Caicos Islands, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:552672-1
WFO ID wfo-0000530955
COL ID CSZW
BDTFX ID 4112
INPN ID 82120
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Ammannia latifolia Ammannia sanguinolenta Ammannia stylosa Ammannia longifolia Ammannia pedunculata Ammannia purpurea Ammannia texana Ammannia octandra Ammannia coccinea subsp. longifolia Ammannia coccinea subsp. purpurea Ammannia sagittata var. angustifolia Ammannia sanguinolenta subsp. longifolia Ammannia sanguinolenta subsp. purpurea Ammannia catholica var. philippensis Ammannia latifolia var. octandra Ammannia coccinea

Lower taxons

Ammannia coccinea subsp. pubiflora