Amphidium tortuosum (Hornsch.) Cufod.

Species

Bryophytes > Dicranales > Rhabdoweisiaceae > Amphidium

Characteristics

Plants small, yellow-green to green above, yellow-brown to brown below; saxicolous to terricolous. Stems up to 28 mm tall, branching by subperichaetial innovations, scarcely tomentose below; rhizoids red or reddish brown, smooth to papillose; in section subround to subtriangular, inner cortex 4-8 cells across, thin-walled, outer cortical cells smaller, in 1 or 2 rows, rarely absent on one side, incrassate, minutely papillose. Leaves crowded, ± equal in size, erect and crisped when dry, erect-spreading and flexuose when wet; linear-lanceolate to linear, 2.0-4.8 mm long; apex acute to acuminate, with a single apical tooth; margins plane, frequently recurved on one side below, irregularly serrate, frequently denticulate at shoulders, rarely decurrent. Costa ending below apex; ventral and dorsal superficial cells narrowly rectangular; in section crescent-shaped to subround, bulging dorsally, ventrally flat, laminal insertion ventral, guide cells in one layer medially, ventral substereid or stereids in one layer, papillose, dorsal stereids in 1 or 2 rows, surface rough. Upper laminal cells rounded-quadrate or oval, incrassate, bulging ventrally, papillose, striolate, 6-14 µm, papillae low, blunt, scattered over dorsal and ventral surface; basal cells rectangular, thin-walled, smooth to striolate. Autoicous. Perigonia terminal on short, subperichaetial branches; inner leaves ovate to ovate-apiculate to ovate-acuminate, margins irregularly crenulate. Perichaetia terminal, frequently overgrown by subperichaetial innovations; leaves scarcely differentiated, linear-lanceolate, 2.5-3.8 mm long, sheathing below, base oblong or oval. Seta 0.9-1.5 mm long, frequently curved, yellowish. Capsule erect to inclined, immersed, urceolate, brownish, urn 0.3-0.5 mm long, neck 0.2-0.3 mm long; exothecial cells irregularly rhomboidal to rectangular, ± thin-walled, in 2 or 3 transverse rows at mouth, smaller at mouth; stomata present on neck. Operculum conic-apiculate, oblique. Calyptra 0.5-0.6 mm long, cells smooth to papillose. Spores 12-22 µm.
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Mature height (meter) 0.03
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Soil texture 7-9
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Cultivation

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Distribution

Amphidium tortuosum world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID 35100285
WFO ID wfo-0001146716
COL ID D2F6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 434102
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Amphidium tortuosum Amphidium cyathicarpum Weissia sphaerothecia Zygodon anoectangioides Zygodon curvipes Grimmia haleakalae Syrrhopodon tortuosus Amphoridium compactum Zygodon californicus Zygodon integrifolius Zygodon kilimandscharicus Rhabdoweisia vulcanica Zygodon cyathicarpus