Anacolosa frutescens Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Santalales > Olacaceae > Anacolosa

Characteristics

Erect shrub or tree, 5-25 (-30) m; trunk occasionally up to to 1.4 m ø; outer bark smooth, flaking in large thin pieces, grey to brown, inner one reddish. Branchlets glabrous, grey-corticate below. Leaves variable in shape and size, elliptic or elliptic-oblong to lanceolate, apex broadly to narrowly acuminate, tip blunt, base cuneate, slightly inequilateral, charta-ceous to coriaceous, shining above when fresh, brownish and rather dull in the dry state, then usually with numerous tiny warts or tubercles on both faces, or mainly so beneath, with numerous fine pellucid points visible against strong light, (6.6-) 7-15 (-22) by (3-) 4-6.5 (-9,-12) cm; nerves (4-) 5-6 pairs, curved-ascending, the lowest pair close to the base, raised beneath, reticulation of transverse veins and veinlets lax, rather inconspicuous; petiole stoutish, 5-7 (-10) mm. Flowers on short warts or tubercles (these rarely elongate to short scaly axes), (2-) 5-15 per fascicle; bracts and bracteoles 0; pedicels glabrous or puberulous, 3-5 (-6) mm. Calyx cup-shaped, shortly 5-7-lobed or subentire, glabrous or pale rusty-puberulous, c. 3 mm diameter. Petals (5-) 6 (-7), ovate-lanceolate, connate about halfway, thickish, glabrous or rarely puberulous outside, barbate in the upper free cristate and finally recurved part inside, green-white, 2-3 (rarely-4) by 1-1.5 mm. Stamens 5-7; filaments flat; anthers barbate apically. Ovary surrounded by the slightly 12-grooved disk; style short-conical; stigma minute, shortly lobed. Drupe obovoid-ellipsoid to oblong-oid, seated on the persistent non-accrescent calyx, apex truncate and slightly 6-sulcate, the persistent style base very short, at maturity yellow to orange, (1.5-) 1.8-2 (-2.5) by (1.2-) 1.5-2 cm, on stout pedicel 6-8 by 1.5 mm; pericarp thin-fleshy; endocarp thin-crustaceous. Seed 1; albumen copious.
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A medium sized tree. It grows 5-25 m tall. The leaves are alternate and somewhat pointed at both ends. They vary in shape. Leaves can be 7-15 cm long by 4-6.5 cm wide but can be larger or smaller. The leaf stalks is 5-7 mm long. The flowers are small and yellow and occur in small clusters. They are on small lumps. There can be 5-15 flowers per lump. The fruit is fleshy with a stone inside. The fruit is a nut produced in the axils of leaves. It has a thin shell and is about 2 cm long and across. The fruit are yellow to orange. They are on stout stalks 8 mm long. The pulp of the fruit is 4-9 mm thick. There is one seed.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 13.5 - 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows well at low and medium altitudes up to 700 m. It can grow to 1400 m altitude. It does best in a shady location and in places without a pronounced dry season. They occur only in Cagayan, Benguet, Mt Province, Nueva Viscaya, Bataan, Cavite, Batangas, Mindoro and Masbate in the Philippines.
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In lowland and submontane forest, mixed Dipterocarp forest, along stream in kerangas forest, sometimes in peat swamp forest (Borneo), also in secondary forest, occasionally on limestone, scattered though locally frequent, from sea-level up to 700 (rarely-1400) m.
Lowland and submontane forest, mixed Dipterocarp forest, by streams in kerangas forest, sometimes in peat swamp forest and secondary forest, occasionally on limestone, from sea-level to 700 metres, rarely to 1,400 metres.
Light 1-6
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The kernels of the nuts are eaten raw. They can be roasted. The pulp of the fruit can be eaten fresh but is usually boiled to enhance the flavour.
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Uses. Wood pale reddish brown, hard and heavy, used for house posts, but said to be not durable.
Uses food material wood
Edible fruits nuts seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed. Seed take over 100 days to germinate. It can be grown by air-layering. This takes 4 months until separation. Cleft grafting can be used.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Anacolosa frutescens world distribution map, present in Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand

Conservation status

Anacolosa frutescens threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:607588-1
WFO ID wfo-0000533099
COL ID DBP2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Stemonurus frutescens Anacolosa celebica Anacolosa zollingeri Anacolosa arborea Anacolosa heptandra Anacolosa frutescens Anacolosa luzoniensis Salacia bartlettii Anacolosa puberula Anacolosa puberula var. andamanica