Anemone virginiana L.

Tall thimbleweed (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Ranunculaceae > Anemone

Characteristics

Aerial shoots 30-100(-110) cm, from caudices, rarely with ascending rhizomes, caudices ascending to vertical. Basal leaves 1-5, ternate; petiole 5-35 cm; terminal leaflet sessile or nearly so, oblanceolate to obovate, 2-9(-12) × 2-5(-7) cm, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, margins coarsely serrate and incised on distal 1/2, apex acuminate to narrowly acute, surfaces pilose, more so abaxially; lateral leaflets usually 1-2×-lobed or-parted, occasionally unlobed; ultimate lobes 10-30(-40) mm wide. Inflorescences (1-)3-9-flowered cymes; peduncle villous; primary involucral bracts 3(-5), secondary involucral bracts 2(-3), (1-)2-tiered, ternate, ±similar to basal leaves, bases distinct; terminal leaflet ±sessile, elliptic to oblanceolate, 2-10(-12) cm (2 cm in secondary involucre) × 2-5(-7) cm, bases cuneate, margins coarsely serrate and incised on distal 1/2, apex acuminate to narrowly acute, surfaces pilose, more so abaxially; lateral leaflets unlobed or 1×-lobed or-parted; ultimate lobes 8-25(-35)mm wide. Flowers: sepals usually 5, green, yellow, or red (rarely white or abaxially green to green-yellow and adaxially green or yellow and tinged red), oblong, ovate, or obovate, 6.5-20 × 2.5-10mm, abaxially hairy, adaxially glabrous or nearly so; stamens 50-70. Heads of achenes oblong-ellipsoid, rarely obconic; pedicel 13-25(-30) cm. Achenes: body obovoid, 2-3.7 × 1.5-2mm, not winged, densely woolly; beak curved, 1-1.5mm, puberulous, not plumose.
More
Much like A. cylindrica, averaging coarser and more loosely hairy; primary lf-segments rhombic-ovate, with the margins toothed or incised to below the middle and ± convex toward the base; involucral lvs 3; peduncles mostly 1–3, some of them often with a 2-lvd secondary involucre; sep greenish-white or less often pure white; seldom red, 7–13(16) mm; fruiting head ovoid, 1.5–3 cm; achenes densely woolly; style 1–1.5 mm, short-hairy, often ± spreading; 2n=16. Dry or open woods; e. Que. to N.D., s. to Ga., Ala., and Ark. June–Aug. Some plants from the n. part of the range diverge toward A. cylindrica in their somewhat narrower heads and in having the lf-segments more cuneate below. These have been segregated as var. alba A. W. Wood or A. riparia Fernald, but they do not appear to be sharply separable from A. virginiana.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system rhizome tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Dry open woods. Dry, rocky, open woods, thickets and river banks; at elevations from sea level to 2,000 metres.
Light 3-8
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Stimulant (pod), Pulmonary Aid (root), Antidiarrheal (root), Emetic (root), Love Medicine (root), Tuberculosis Remedy (root), Witchcraft Medicine (root), Dermatological Aid (root), Respiratory Aid (seed), Stimulant (seed), Tuberculosis Remedy (tuber), Witchcraft Medicine (unspecified), Corn (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 104
Germination temperacture (C°) 19 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Anemone virginiana habit picture by Vicki Brown (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Anemone virginiana leaf picture by Caroline Reisiger (cc-by-sa)
Anemone virginiana leaf picture by Ashley Foster (cc-by-sa)
Anemone virginiana leaf picture by Richard Wideman (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Anemone virginiana flower picture by Ashley Foster (cc-by-sa)
Anemone virginiana flower picture by Tree Doof (cc-by-sa)
Anemone virginiana flower picture by Mykala Spangler (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Anemone virginiana fruit picture by Catalin Gruia (cc-by-sa)
Anemone virginiana fruit picture by Sara lynch (cc-by-sa)
Anemone virginiana fruit picture by Suzan Allard (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Anemone virginiana world distribution map, present in Canada and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:708711-1
WFO ID wfo-0000535900
COL ID DXL9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Anemone hirsuta Anemone virginiana f. virginiana Abelemis petiolaris Anemone virginiana f. leucosepala Anemone virginiana f. plena Anemone virginiana f. rubrosepala Anemone virginiana var. virginiana Anemone virginiana

Lower taxons

Anemone virginiana var. alba Anemone virginiana var. cylindroidea