Anthospermum galpinii Schltr.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Anthospermum

Characteristics

Dioecious shrub, mostly single-stemmed, erect and ± cylindrical to roundish, c. 0.6-2(-2.5) m tall [several-stemmed, often not more than 0.25 m tall if burnt]. Stems much-branched above, branches mostly ± erect to ascending, often in threes. Leaves in whorls of 3 or (seldom) decussate, pseudo-verticillate; blades (6-)10-20(-27) x (0.5-)0.8-1.5(-2.5) mm, ± narrowly oblanceolate, linear-lanceolate to ± linear, glabrous or sometimes lower half of midrib below shortly hairy; petioles sub-obsolete; stipular sheath with a small seta. Flowers subsessile or 'male' occasionally with peduncles to 2 mm long, in clusters of many to few at nodes, 'female' inflorescences sometimes ± contracted and conspicuous; corolla 4-merous, yellow to greenish yellow, shortly hairy or glabrous (especially 'female'). 'Male': tube 0.4-1.0 mm long, (broadly) funnel-shaped to subcampanulate, lobes 1.4-2.2 x 0.7-1 mm; anthers 1.3-2.0 mm long; minute rudimentary ovary present. 'Female': tube 0.5-0.8 mm long, lobes 0.2-0.5 x 0.1-0.2 mm; style 0 or c. 0.2-0.4 mm long; stigmas 2, (2.5-)3.0-5.0(-7.0) mm long; ovary c. 1 x 0.8 mm, with 4 small calyx lobes. Fruit reddish brown to greyish; mericarps c. 1.8-3.0 x 0.7-1.2 mm, elliptic, oblong to ± obovate, densely covered with whitish hairs or papillae c. 0.1-0.2 mm long, with 2 rounded to ± triangular calyx lobes c. 0.1-0.3 mm long or calyx lobes ± lacking.
More
Perennial shrub, 0.6-2.5 m high. Leaves in whorls of 3 or decussate, linear-lanceolate, glabrous, sometimes midrib below hairy; petioles subobsolete; stipular sheath with small seta. Inflorescence ± contracted, conspicuous. Flowers in clusters of few to many at nodes. Corolla greenish yellow, glabrous to puberulent. Male flowers: tube up to 0.4-1.0 mm long, subcampanulate; anthers ± 2 mm long; minute rudimentary ovary. Female flowers: tube ± 0.5-0.8 mm long; style absent or up to 0.4 mm long, stigma ± 7 mm long. Ovary with small 4-lobed calyx, ± 1 x 0.8 mm. Flowering time July-Dec. Fruit reddish brown to greyish, papillate, mericarps ± 3 x 1.2 mm, elliptic to oblong, covered with straight hairs.
Fruticulus erectus ramosus, 2-3-pedalis, habitu A. athiopico Thbg. similis; ramis erectis angulatis primum microscopice puberulis, demum glabratis, mox lignescentibus, subdense, praesertim apicem versus, foliatis; foliis ternatim verticellatis, erecto-patentibus, linearibus mucronulatis, utrinque glabris, marginibus plus minusve revolutis, 0.6-1 cm. longis; fructibus axillaribus sessilibus oblongis, apice subemarginatis, calycis dentibus subobsoletis; mericarpiis semiteretibus oblongis obtusis, dorso puberulis, 2.5 mm. longis; stigmatibus filiformibus flexuosis, villosis, elongatis, corollam 4-partitam multo excedentibus, c. 0.6 cm. longis.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.43 - 1.38
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Anthospermum galpinii world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:743378-1
WFO ID wfo-0000220084
COL ID 67FBD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Anthospermum galpinii