Aquilaria cumingiana (Decne.) Ridl.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Thymelaeaceae > Aquilaria

Characteristics

Shrub or small tree up to 5 m. Bark ashy grey, mottled and smooth. Young branchlets densely pubescent, glabrescent. Leaves chartaceous to subcoriaceous, glabrous on both surfaces or sometimes pubescent on the lower surface; oblong-lanceolate, elliptic-oblong, or ovate-oblong, rarely obovate-oblong, 14-18 by 5.5-8.5 cm; base cuneate, rarely rounded; apex acute to acuminate, acumen up to 1.5 cm; nerves 12-18 pairs, slightly curved and ascending to the margin, elevated and distinct beneath, slightly elevated above; veins and veinlets numerous, irregularly forked; petiole 4-6 mm. Inflorescences simple or sometimes branched, few-to many-flowered; peduncle short, c. 5 mm long, rarely subsessile; pedicels 3 mm, setose. Flowers whitish, 13-16 mm long. Floral tube cylindric, puberulous outside, glabrescent, densely or sparsely pubescent inside, the retrorse hairs appressed, sometimes distinctly 10-costate inside, usually with irregular, sulphureous, wart-like excretions. Calyx lobes ovate or oblong, obtuse, 2-3 mm long, densely puberulous on both surfaces, sometimes glabrescent. Petaloid appendages short, usually united in a ring, rarely free or united at the base, about half as long as the stamens, densely hairy, the hairs longer than or as long as the appendages. Stamens sessile, 1-2 mm long, free from the tube, slightly below the appendages or at the same level with them, the lower ⅓-½ of the anther usually adnate to the tube. Pistil c. 1 mm long, short-stiped, densely hairy. Ovary obovate, attenuate to the base; style continuous with the ovary, obscure or distinct; stigma capitate. Fruits globose, slightly obovoid, or ellipsoid, rugose, protruding laterally from the split floral tube, 1.75 by 1 1/3 cm. Seeds broad-ovoid, plano-convex, 1 by 0.75 cm with a short caruncle-like appendage.
Life form annual
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

In primary forests at low and medium altitudes.
More
Primary forest at low to medium elevations.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses. According to QUISUMBING J. Arn. Arb. 27 1946 , the bark and roots are used to stop bleeding from wounds. The bark, wood, and fruit are used as a substitute for quinine.
Uses essential oil medicinal wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Aquilaria cumingiana world distribution map, present in Malaysia and Philippines

Conservation status

Aquilaria cumingiana threat status: Vulnerable

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77098264-1
WFO ID wfo-0000541073
COL ID FZMH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Aquilaria cumingiana Aquilaria pubescens Decaisnella cumingiana Gyrinopsis cumingiana Gyrinopsis pubifolia Gyrinopsis cumingiana var. pubescens