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Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze

Paraná-pine (en), Araucaria du Parana (fr)

Species

Gymnosperms > Cupressales > Araucariaceae > Araucaria

Characteristics

A large evergreen tree. It can be 30 m high. It has a bare trunk and wide flat crown. The leaves are long, flat and overlapping. They form two rows on the small branches. The leaves are 5 cm long and have a sharp point. The seed cones are 15 cm long. The tips of the scales curve back. The seeds are large. They can be 5 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 30.0 - 35.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. In Brazil it grows up to 500-900 m altitude. In Indonesia it grows between 500-1,800 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 9-12. Arboretum Tasmania.
More
A dominant component of tropical, seasonal, mixed moist forest, occurring at elevations between 600-2,300 metres.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The seeds are roasted and eaten. The large kernels need to be boiled for some hours then the outer shells peeled off. The gum is also eaten.
Uses environmental use food gum material medicinal ornamental timber wood
Edible fruits gums nuts seeds
Therapeutic use Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Antioxidants (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The seeds are harvested from the ground after they fall. They are best sown fresh. Seeds sprout in a few days.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 15
Germination luminosity dark
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) 18 - 23
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Araucaria angustifolia habit picture by JP Corrêa Carvalho (cc-by-sa)
Araucaria angustifolia habit picture by JP Corrêa Carvalho (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Araucaria angustifolia leaf picture by oliveira guilherme (cc-by-sa)
Araucaria angustifolia leaf picture by Rodrigo Fernandes (cc-by-sa)
Araucaria angustifolia leaf picture by do Vale Produtos (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Araucaria angustifolia fruit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Araucaria angustifolia world distribution map, present in Brazil

Conservation status

Araucaria angustifolia threat status: Critically Endangered

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17518-2
WFO ID wfo-0000260143
COL ID 67PQJ
BDTFX ID 101299
INPN ID 610750
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Araucaria ridolfiana Araucaria saviana Araucaria brasiliana Pinus dioica Araucaria angustifolia f. catharinensis Columbea brasiliana Columbea angustifolia Araucaria brasiliensis Araucaria brasiliensis Araucaria dioica Araucaria elegans Araucaria angustifolia var. vinacea Araucaria angustifolia var. alba Araucaria angustifolia var. caiova Araucaria angustifolia var. caiuva Araucaria angustifolia var. dependens Araucaria angustifolia var. indehiscens Araucaria angustifolia var. monoica Araucaria angustifolia var. nigra Araucaria angustifolia var. sancti-josephi Araucaria angustifolia var. semialba Araucaria angustifolia var. stricta Araucaria brasiliana var. saviana Columbea brasiliana var. ridolfiana Araucaria brasiliana var. gracilis Columbea brasiliana var. elegans Araucaria brasiliana var. ridolfiana Araucaria brasiliensis var. saviana Columbea brasiliensis var. ridolfina Araucaria braziliana var. elegans Araucaria angustifolia
WorldFloraDB 2024