Arctotheca populifolia (Bergius) Norl.

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Arctotheca

Characteristics

Perennial herb, up to 0.2 m high; prostrate, decumbent, or suberect; woody taproot, branched, leafy. Leaves thick-textured, usually spathulate, base rounded-truncate to cordate or broadly cuneate, apex rounded to obtuse, margins subentire to shallowly dentate. Capitula few-many, solitary and terminal on simple or sometimes 1-or 2-branched axillary stalks; involucres hemispheric; bracts broadly triangular outside and lanceolate-ovate inside. Receptacle deeply, membranous-walled alveolate. Ray florets yellow, strap-shaped, 3-denticulate apically; ray-floret achenes, rudimentary. Disc florets yellow, funnel-shaped with short tube and long campanulate limb with lobes; discfloret achenes laterally compressed-turbinate, finely lanate. Flowering time Aug.-May. Pappus cupuliform consisting of row of broad, partly connate scales, deep, membranous or chartaceous.
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Perennial, mat-forming, rhizomatous herb, 20–30 cm high. Leaves slightly succulent, long-petiolate, mostly cauline, broadly ovate to oblate, 2–6 cm long, 1.5–5 cm wide, entire or shallowly toothed, subacute, grey-to white-hairy on both surfaces. Capitula 2–3 cm diam.; peduncles erect, stout, 3–11 cm long; involucre hemispherical or campanulate, 3–4-seriate, 1.5–2 cm diam.; bracts broadly lanceolate, acute; inner ones membranous-margined. Ray florets 12–15; ligules 5–12 mm long, yellow. Disc florets numerous, 3–4 mm long, yellow; lobes c. 1 mm long. Achenes oblong, 3–5 mm long, 1.5–2.5 mm wide, sparsely white-woolly. Pappus scales 6–8, ±obtuse.
Leaves thick-textured, mostly 6–20 cm. long, usually spathulate, expanded in the apical c. 5 and abruptly narrowed below, sometimes ± lyrate; the apical part 2–7 x 2–7 cm., ± broadly ovate or broadly elliptic, sometimes lobed at the base, apex rounded to obtuse, base rounded-truncate to cordate or broadly cuneate, margins subentire to shallowly dentate with callose-tipped teeth, strongly 5–7-nerved from the base; the lower c. 2/3 to c. 11 mm. wide, linear, sometimes widening into 2-many large lobes towards the apex, widening again near the base and somewhat conduplicate.
Decumbent, trailing or suberect perennial herb, up to 300 mm tall. Leaves white felted, thick-textured, usually broadly ovate or elliptic above, abruptly narrowed below, base occasionally lobed, margins ± entire to shallowly dentate with callose-tipped teeth, strongly 5-7-nerved from base. Flowering heads radiate, pedunculate, a few sub-corymbosely arranged in leaf axils; ray florets yellow, neuter; disc florets bisexual, yellow. Cypselas thinly white silky-woolly; pappus of broad, partly fused scales.
Disk-floret corollas yellow, 3–4 mm. long, funnel-shaped with a short tube and a long campanulate limb with lobes c. 1 mm. long; disk-floret achenes c. 5 mm. long, laterally compressed-turbinate, wider than the corolla, finely lanate; pappus cupuliform consisting of a row of broad partly connate scales 0.5–1 mm. deep, membranous or chartaceous.
Involucres 1–1.5 cm. in diam., hemispheric; phyllaries from c. 3 mm. long and broadly triangular outside to c. 10 mm. long and lanceolate-ovate inside, all white-felted to lanate on the back apart from scarious tips and margins.
Mat-forming, white-felted perennial to 10 cm. Leaves petiolate, mostly entire, cordate, margins sparsely toothed. Flower heads radiate, solitary on woolly bracteate peduncles, yellow. Achenes woolly, pappus corona-like.
Stems herbaceous, robust, to c. 1 cm. in diam., prostrate to decumbent, or suberect to c. 30 cm. tall, branched, leafy, producing adventitious roots when buried in sand.
Ray-floret corollas yellow, rays 4–14 mm. long, strap-shaped, 3-denticulate apically; ray-floret achenes to c. 3 mm. long, rudimentary.
Capitula few-many, solitary and terminal on simple or sometimes 1–2-branched axillary stalks up to c. 12 cm. long.
A shortly trailing, tough-fleshy white-felted sometimes sticky perennial herb with a woody taproot.
Receptacle deeply, membranous-walled alveolate.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.25 - 0.3
Root system adventitious-root tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grows on sandy coastal dunes constituting part of pioneer vegetation, often with Spinifex sericeus on beaches, and also commonly growing in moist and dry sites near creeks and paddocks.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Arctotheca populifolia unspecified picture

Distribution

Arctotheca populifolia world distribution map, present in Australia, Mozambique, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:178507-1
WFO ID wfo-0000114795
COL ID GBRB
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Microstephium populifolium Arctotis populifolia Cryptostemma niveum Osteospermum niveum Microstephium niveum Arctotheca populifolia Arctotheca nivea Anemonospermos verbascifolia Arctotis nivea