Aspalathus linearis (Burm.F.) R.Dahlgren

Rooibos (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Aspalathus

Characteristics

An erect, ascending or decumbent shrub or shrublet, from quite low to ±2 m tall. Young branches often reddish, subterete or slightly sulcate, glabrous or, especially the youngest part, shortly white-tomentulose. Leaves linear-piniform, 15-60 mm long, 0.4 to more than 1 mm thick, subterete or very slightly flattened, glabrous or sparsely appressed-puberulous, acute or acuminate, straight, in some forms turning red or ferruginous and aromatic when dried; basal pulvinate part 0.4-1.2 mm; leaf base below this rarely with lateral teeth less than 0.5 mm long. Flowers solitary or up to 10 in corymbs (racemes) on branch tips, rarely solitary or in pairs on axillary short-shoots. Bract triangular or subulate, 0.3-1.5 mm long. Pedicel 1.5-4 mm long, puberulous. Bracteoles 0.2-0.8 mm long. Calyx glabrous or puberulous; lobes triangular-subulate, 1-2.5 mm long, acute. Petals pale to bright yellow or partly purple or violet. Standard blade ovate, 4.5-6.5(-7.5) x 4.0-5.5 mm, acute or obtuse, short-sericeous on at least half of back. Wing blades usually 3-5 x 1.2-2 mm. Keel blades 4-5.5 x 2.5-3.3 mm, apex obtuse (rarely with a tooth-like point); some pubescence at least present on leaf parts. Pistil sericeous on ovary and style base; ovules 2(-4); stigma regular, capitate. Pod lanceolate, 12-17 x 3.3-4.2 mm.
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Erect shrub to 2 m. Leaves 1-foliolate, needle-like, ± glabrous, sometimes turning reddish brown, aromatic when dried. Flowers 1(-10) in racemes on branch tips, pale to bright yellow or partly purple or violet, wings glabrous, keel hairy, rarely with a tooth-like point, calyx glabrous or shortly hairy, lobes triangular.
A shrub. It grows 2 m high. It can be upright or weeping. The branches have a red tinge. The leaves are needle-shaped and bright green. They turn reddish-brown when processed. The flowers are small and yellow and pea shaped. The fruit are single seeded pods.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It grows in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. It suits cold wet winters and hot dry summers. It grows in areas with a rainfall of 300-350 mm per year. It can tolerate frost.
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Sandy hills and on the sides of mountains. Well-drained, sandy but moisture-retaining, non-acidic soils.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 2-7
Soil acidity 3-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-10

Usage

The leaves are used for tea. They are low tannin and caffeine-free. It can be drunk hot or cold and sweetened or not. It is used as a base for soups, sauces, punch or baked goods.
Uses environmental use food gene source material medicinal social use tea
Edible leaves stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The plants are grown from seed. The seed need treatment before they will grow. The seedlings are transplanted into deep, acidic sandy soil.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Distribution

Aspalathus linearis world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:475647-1
WFO ID wfo-0000211610
COL ID HB44
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Aspalathus cognata Lebeckia candolleana Aspalathus linearis Aspalathus corymbosa Lebeckia linearis Genista contaminata Rafnia filifolia Psoralea linearis Aspalathus tenuifolia Lebeckia contaminata Achyronia tenuifolia Lebeckia pauciflora Aspalathus linearis subsp. linearis

Lower taxons

Aspalathus linearis subsp. pinifolia