Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.

Fourwing saltbush (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Amaranthaceae > Atriplex

Characteristics

Shrubs, dioecious or rarely monoecious, mainly 8-20 dm, as wide or wider, not especially armed. Leaves persistent, alternate, sessile or nearly so, blade linear to oblanceolate, oblong, or obovate, mainly 10-40 × 3-8 mm, margin entire, apex retuse to obtuse. Staminate flowers yellow (rarely brown), in clusters 2-3 mm wide, borne in panicles 3-15 cm. Pistillate flowers borne in panicles 5-40 cm. Fruiting bracteoles 8-25 mm, as wide, on stipes 1-8 mm, with 4 prominent wings extending the bract length, united throughout, wings dentate to entire, apex toothed, surface of wings and body smooth or reticulate. Seeds 1.5-2.5 mm wide. 2n = 18, 36+.
More
A shrub. It grows 1.5 m high and spreads 1.5 m wide. There is a dense mass of stems. The leaves are narrow and have blunt tips. They have a mealy white appearance. The flowers are small and yellow. The fruit are papery and have 4 wings. They are crowded into short spikes.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.65
Mature height (meter) 1.35 - 1.5
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) 1.45
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Sandy or gravelly, commonly non-saline but in other situations obviously saline, sites in Joshua tree, blackbrush, greasewood, salt desert shrub, sagebrush, mountain brush, and pinyon-juniper communities; at elevations from 100-2,400 metres.
More
It grows in warm temperate places. It grows in areas with a rainfall between 100-518 mm per year. It can tolerate frost. It can grow in salty and alkaline soils. It can grow in arid places. It suits hardiness zones 7-10.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 2-5
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity 4-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

The leaves taste salty. The new shoots and leaves are eaten as greens. The seeds are ground and used as meal. This can be mixed with other seeds and used as flour or used to make a drink. The plant is also burnt to produce mineral-rich ashes used to colour corn products.
Uses animal food dye environmental use fodder food forage fuel hedge medicinal poison spice
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Dermatological Aid (flower), Dermatological Aid (leaf), Misc. Disease Remedy (leaf), Stimulant (leaf), Cough Medicine (leaf), Nose Medicine (leaf), Analgesic (root), Cough Medicine (root), Gastrointestinal Aid (root), Toothache (root), Cathartic (root), Dermatological Aid (root), Ceremonial Medicine (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Veterinary Aid (unspecified), Hunting Medicine (unspecified), Wart (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 9 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 12
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) 12 - 17
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Atriplex canescens leaf picture by Serena boettcher (cc-by-sa)
Atriplex canescens leaf picture by Serena boettcher (cc-by-sa)
Atriplex canescens leaf picture by Rudd (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Atriplex canescens fruit picture by Klara Law Maresova (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Atriplex canescens world distribution map, present in Canada, Egypt, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Morocco, Mexico, Pakistan, Tunisia, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1175090-2
WFO ID wfo-0000555884
COL ID JLB9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Calligonum canescens Atriplex berlandieri Atriplex fruticosa Atriplex heterophylla Obione berlandieri Obione canescens Pterochiton canescens Pterochiton occidentale Obione occidentalis Obione tetraptera Atriplex occidentalis Atriplex tetraptera Atriplex canescens var. angustifolia Atriplex canescens var. macilenta Atriplex canescens var. occidentalis Atriplex angustior Obione occidentalis var. angustifolia Atriplex canescens var. canescens Atriplex canescens subsp. canescens Atriplex canescens

Lower taxons

Atriplex canescens var. linearis Atriplex canescens subsp. macropoda