Barleria cristata L.

Crested philippine violet (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Acanthaceae > Barleria

Characteristics

Subshrubs to 2 m tall. Stems terete, branched, covered with soft trichomes. Petiole (0-)0.3-1 cm; leaf blade elliptic to oblong to ovate, 2-10 × 1-4 cm, both surfaces villous especially along veins, secondary veins 4-7 on each side of midvein, base cuneate and decurrent onto petiole, apex acute to sometimes acuminate. Inflorescences axillary short and dense cymes, shortly pedunculate; bracts absent; bracteoles variable, linear to linear-lanceolate, 2.4-6.5 × 0.5-1.5 cm, 3-7-veined, base cuneate, margin usually spiny but sometimes bristly pilose and becoming spinescent with age, apex acuminate. Outer calyx lobes ovate to narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, 1.2-2.5 × 0.5-1.3 cm, pilose, reticulately veined, margin spiny, apex mucronate; inner calyx lobes linear to lanceolate, 6-12 mm, 1-veined, margin scarious. Corolla purplish blue, 4.5-6.5 cm, outside pilose; tube basally narrowly cylindric then gradually widened; lobes oblong-elliptic, ca. 1.5 cm, equal. Stamens 4, didynamous; filaments pilose especially toward base; staminode 1, filament sparsely pilose. Ovary oblong-ellipsoid, glabrous; style linear, ca. 2.5 cm, glabrous; stigma slightly inflated. Capsule 1.2-1.8 cm, glabrous, 4-seeded. Seeds subglobose to ovoid, 4-5 × ca. 4 mm. Fl. May, Aug-Dec, fr. May, Oct. 2n = 40.
More
A herb or small shrub. It grows 2 m tall. The stems and branches are hairy. The leaves are narrowly oval to oblong and 2-10 cm long by 1-4 cm wide. The flowers are in short dense groups in the axils of leaves. They are purplish blue. The fruit is narrowly oval capsule. It is 2 cm long. There are 4 seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows on slopes and along streams between 100-2,600 m above sea level in southern China. In XTBG Yunnan. In Sichuan.
More
Waste places and along the sides of roads.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

It is used as a fermenting substrate for wine.
Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Abdominal pain (leaf), Anemia (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Cough (leaf), Ear diseases (leaf), Edema (leaf), Eye diseases (leaf), Inflammation (leaf), Snake bites (leaf), Toothache (leaf), Wound healing (leaf), Abortifacient agents (root), Anemia (root), Anti-bacterial agents (root), Anti-inflammatory agents (root), Antirheumatic agents (root), Antitussive agents (root), Cough (root), Edema (root), Hypoglycemic agents (root), Inflammation (root), Pneumonia (root), Scorpion stings (root), Snake bites (root), Spasm (root), Stomach diseases (root), Cough (unspecified), Tumor(Abdomen) (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Demulcents (unspecified), Hematologic diseases (unspecified), Hyperglycemia (unspecified), Otitis media (unspecified), General tonic for rejuvenation (unspecified), Snake bites (unspecified), Tuberculosis (unspecified), Vomiting (unspecified), Asthma (whole plant), Cardiovascular system (whole plant), Hypoglycemic agents (whole plant), Spasm (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Barleria cristata habit picture by Prasanta Hembram (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Barleria cristata leaf picture by prasantahembram (cc-by-sa)
Barleria cristata leaf picture by Intan Intan Nur Fathonah (cc-by-sa)
Barleria cristata leaf picture by Sudhanshu Kumar (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Barleria cristata flower picture by Arvind Kulkarni (cc-by-sa)
Barleria cristata flower picture by Md. Anisur Rahman (cc-by-sa)
Barleria cristata flower picture by anilkumar ayyappan (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Barleria cristata world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Barbados, Bhutan, China, Colombia, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Guam, Honduras, Haiti, India, Jamaica, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Montserrat, Mauritius, Niue, Nepal, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:45927-1
WFO ID wfo-0000560242
COL ID KRLF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 446859
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lepidagathis laciniata Barleria venulosa Barleria alba Barleria indica Barleria lactea Barleria chegosa Barleria ciliata Barleria dichotoma Barleria laciniata Barleria napalensis Barleria nuda Barleria prinoides Barleria napalensis var. microphylla Barleria cristata var. dichotoma Barleria cristata var. albida Barleria cristata var. mairei Barleria cristata