Barringtonia acutangula Gaertn.

Hijal (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Lecythidaceae > Barringtonia

Characteristics

Shrubs or small trees, 2-13(-25) m tall, often many stemmed. Leaves: petiole 4-15 mm long; lamina elliptic or obovate-oblong, 6-16(-22) by 2-8 cm, papyraceous, base cuneate, decurrent onto petiole, margin finely serrate-crenulate, apex acute to acuminate, acumen 4-12 mm long, lower surface glabrous or hairy; midrib prominulous above, prominent beneath, primary veins 7-20 pairs, brochidodromous, not conspicuously merging, intercostal veins slightly prominulous on both surfaces, reticulate. Inflorescences pendulous racemes, 20-45(-78) cm long, densely flowered with up to 75 flowers; rachis 1-2 mm diam., glabrous, longitudinally striate; bracts elliptic-lanceolate, 1-5 by 0.75-2 mm, acute; bracteoles 0.5-1 mm. Calyx open in bud, with free sepals. Flowers sessile or with pedicels 3-7 mm; buds c. 5 by 5 mm; hypanthium tubular, 4-5-gonous, glabrous or pulverulent; sepals 3-5 by 3-5 mm; petals red; stamens deep pink to dark red, staminal whorls 3, the inner one staminodal, staminal tube 1-4.5 mm high, staminodia 3-6 mm; disc c. 0.5 mm high; ovary 2-(3-4)-locular, ovules 2-4(-5) per locule; style 1-2 cm long. Fruits angled or ovoid, 4-winged when young, 2-6 by 1-3 by 1-3 cm, tapering to truncate apex. Seeds 1, ovoid, 1-4 by 0.5-1.5 cm.
More
A small tree. It grows 4-15 m tall. The trunk can be 40-80 cm across. It can have several stems. It loses its leaves during the year. The leaves are broad and sword shaped. They taper to the base. They are bright green. The edges sometimes have small teeth. They are 4-14 cm long by 2-4.5 cm wide. The flowers are bright red. They are in heads 30 cm long. These hang downwards. The fruit are green and 4 angled. They are woody and 3.5 cm long. There is one seed and it has a groove.
For subspecies occurring in Australia see subsp. acutangula.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 13.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in moist places along rivers. It needs light and humidity. It grows near lakes and can grow in brackish water. It suits humid shady places. It is damaged by drought and frost. It occasionally grows up to 400 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 11-12.
More
Riverbanks, swampy sites or rocky or sandy shores at elevations from sea level to 400 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

CAUTION: The seeds are poisonous. The young shoots are eaten in salads with fish sauce. The young flowers are also eaten.
Uses food fuel material medicinal poison wood
Edible flowers fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Anemia, hemolytic (bark), Anthelmintics (bark), Antiprotozoal agents (bark), Antipyretics (bark), Antirheumatic agents (bark), Asthma (bark), Astringents (bark), Bites and stings (bark), Central nervous system diseases (bark), Contraceptive agents (bark), Diarrhea (bark), Dysentery (bark), Emetics (bark), Expectorants (bark), Fishes, poisonous (bark), Gonorrhea (bark), Insect bites and stings (bark), Insect repellents (bark), Jaundice (bark), Labor pain (bark), Malaria (bark), Menorrhagia (bark), Periodontal diseases (bark), Pneumonia (bark), Toothache (bark), Abdominal pain (fruit), Anemia, hemolytic (fruit), Anthelmintics (fruit), Anti-bacterial agents (fruit), Antidotes (fruit), Antipyretics (fruit), Astringents (fruit), Brain edema (fruit), Bronchitis (fruit), Cathartics (fruit), Colic (fruit), Common cold (fruit), Cough (fruit), Diarrhea (fruit), Diuretics (fruit), Dysmenorrhea (fruit), Disorder of ejaculation (fruit), Emetics (fruit), Endophthalmitis (fruit), Epilepsy (fruit), Expectorants (fruit), Eye diseases (fruit), Fever (fruit), Flatulence (fruit), Galactogogues (fruit), Gingivitis (fruit), Gonorrhea (fruit), Hallucinations (fruit), Headache (fruit), Hematologic diseases (fruit), Hemorrhage (fruit), Infection (fruit), Inflammatory bowel diseases (fruit), Intestinal diseases, parasitic (fruit), Lactation disorders (fruit), Leprosy (fruit), Low back pain (fruit), Menorrhagia (fruit), Menstruation-inducing agents (fruit), Migraine disorders (fruit), General tonic for rejuvenation (fruit), Rhinitis (fruit), Scorpion stings (fruit), Seizures (fruit), Skin diseases (fruit), Splenomegaly (fruit), Syphilis (fruit), Ulcer (fruit), Urination disorders (fruit), Vomiting (fruit), Wound healing (fruit), Wounds and injuries (fruit), Anemia, hemolytic (leaf), Anthelmintics (leaf), Appetite stimulants (leaf), Diarrhea (leaf), Dysentery (leaf), Emetics (leaf), Expectorants (leaf), Gonorrhea (leaf), Menorrhagia (leaf), General tonic for rejuvenation (leaf), Antiprotozoal agents (root), Antipyretics (root), Appetite stimulants (root), Common cold (root), Constipation (root), Emetics (root), Expectorants (root), Fever (root), Fishes, poisonous (root), Hypoglycemic agents (root), Laxatives (root), Malaria (root), General tonic for rejuvenation (root), Splenomegaly (root), Vomiting (root), Cooling effect on body (root), Anemia, hemolytic (seed), Bronchitis (seed), Colic (seed), Diarrhea (seed), Emetics (seed), Endophthalmitis (seed), Expectorants (seed), Fishes, poisonous (seed), Flatulence (seed), Goiter (seed), Headache (seed), Parturition (seed), Snake bites (seed), Cholera (unspecified), Piscicide (unspecified), Tumor(Abdomen) (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Flatulence (unspecified), Gingivitis (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Insect bites and stings (unspecified), Periodontal diseases (unspecified), Respiratory tract diseases (unspecified), Splenomegaly (unspecified), Wound healing (unspecified), Lacrimal apparatus diseases (unspecified), Hemostatics (wood), Menorrhagia (wood), Metrorrhagia (wood)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from fresh seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Barringtonia acutangula leaf picture by CaptainMarc hero1 (cc-by-sa)
Barringtonia acutangula leaf picture by Nuong Nguyen (cc-by-sa)
Barringtonia acutangula leaf picture by John Tasirin (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Barringtonia acutangula flower picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)
Barringtonia acutangula flower picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Barringtonia acutangula fruit picture by CaptainMarc hero1 (cc-by-sa)
Barringtonia acutangula fruit picture by CaptainMarc hero1 (cc-by-sa)
Barringtonia acutangula fruit picture by John Tasirin (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Barringtonia acutangula world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Indonesia, India, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Barringtonia acutangula threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:591177-1
WFO ID wfo-0000774811
COL ID KS9R
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Michelia acutangula Stravadium rubrum Barringtonia demissa Barringtonia eberhardtii Huttum acutangulum Stravadium acutangulum Barringtonia alba Barringtonia rubra Butonica acutangula Butonica rubra Caryophyllus acutangulus Eugenia acutangula Stravadium acutangulum Barringtonia edaphocarpa var. ladellii Barringtonia acutangula

Lower taxons

Barringtonia acutangula subsp. spicata Barringtonia acutangula subsp. acutangula