Barringtonia procera (Miers) R.Knuth

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Lecythidaceae > Barringtonia

Characteristics

Small trees, 7-15 m tall. Leaves: petioles 0-1 cm long, not swollen at base; lamina obovate-oblong, 29-62 by 8-24 cm, chartaceous, base cuneate, decurrent onto petiole, margin serrate-crenulate, apex acuminate with a recurved tip, acumen to 1 cm long, lower surface glabrous; midrib flattened prominulous above, very prominent beneath, primary veins 17-23 pairs, brochidodromous, weakly merging 3-5 mm from margin, prominulous on both surfaces, intercostal veins prominulous on both surfaces, reticulate. Cataphylls lanceolate, 2.5-12 by 1-3 cm. Inflorescences terminal spikes, pendulous, 30-80 cm long, densely flowered with up to 120 flowers; rachis c. 5 mm diam., slightly fissured, pulverulent; bracts triangular, c. 10 by 5 mm. Calyx closed in bud, the apex round, pulverulent, rupturing into 2-4 lobes, 0.75-1.75 by 0.75-1.75 cm. Flowers sessile; hypanthium obpyramidal, tetragonous, fissured, 3-7 by 3-5 mm, greyish yellow pulverulent; petals 4, elliptic, 2.25-3 by 0.5-2 cm, cream or white; stamens red or cream; staminal whorls 5-6, the inner one staminodal, staminal tube 4-5 mm high, staminodia connate up to 1 cm, the free filiform part 1-1.5 cm; disc inconspicuous, c. 0.25 mm high; ovary 4-locular, 1-3 ovules per locule; style 4-5.5 cm long. Fruits cylindrical, 8-sided, hooked near base on alternate ribs, 6-7.5 by 3-4 by 3-3.5 cm. Seeds ovoid, slightly fissured, 3-3.5 by 1-2 cm.
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A small tree up to 15 m tall. The trunk is 8 cm across and the twigs are about 1 to 1.5 cm across. The leaves are smooth and hairless and can be 30 to 50 cm long by 8 to 20 cm wide. They are oblong and very shiny. They have a tapering tip that curves backwards and at the base are wedge shaped. The flower stalk is at the end of a branch, is 30 to 80 cm long and hangs down. There can be up to 120 flowers. The fruit are 8 sided and about 6-8 cm long by 3-5 cm across. The seed kernel inside the hard shell inside the fruit is about 3 cm by 1.5-2 cm cross. It is slightly flattened in one direction. This nut tree has short flower stalks (shorter than Barringtonia edulis) and the skin colour of the ripe fruit is purple. The leaves also are almost without stalks. This species differs from Barringtonia novae-hibernae.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
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Mature width (meter) 0.08
Mature height (meter) 10.0
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Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in secondary rainforest at low altitude. It is also planted in villages. It can grow in light or heavy soils but they must be well drained. It can grow in coastal coral soils. It can tolerate salty and infertile soils. It can grow in light shade. It grows from sea level to 600 m altitude. It grows in areas with a rainfall between 1500-4300 mm per year. It is normally in areas with a uniform rainfall. It suits areas with a temperature between 26° and 28°C.
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Secondary rainforests at low elevations. Usually associated with human activity, in old gardens, mature coconut plantations, and coastal villages, and in remnants of secondary lowland rainforests.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Uses Seeds edible, commonly planted around villages or grown in plantations.
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The nuts are eaten. They are baked or roasted.
Uses environmental use food medicinal wood
Edible fruits leaves nuts seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
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Cultivation

Plants are normally grown by seed. The mature fruit is planted whole. Seed should be planted fresh. Plants can be grown by air-layering or stem cuttings. Seed do not have dormancy and germinate in 2-3 months. Seedlings can be transplanted after 2-3 months and preferably during a wet season.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Barringtonia procera world distribution map, present in Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:469140-1
WFO ID wfo-0000774956
COL ID 5WDVP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Barringtonia magnifica Barringtonia procera Barringtonia guppyana Barringtonia schuchardtiana Butonica procera