Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff

Bident de Chine (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Bidens

Characteristics

Annual herb, erect, 0.1–2 m high; stem reddish tinged, 4-angled, simple or branched, pubescent or glabrous.. Leaves opposite or rarely alternate near the apex, broadly ovate in outline, pinnately (3–)5–9-lobed or almost pinnatisect, 3–20 cm long, 2.5–12 cm wide, leaf segments ovate to lanceolate, lobed or bilobed at base, margins crenate-serrate to almost lobulate, apices acute; petiole to 60 mm long.. Capitula in terminal lax paniculate cymes; involucre cup-shaped; outer phyllaries 4–8(–15), linear to oblanceolate, 4–6(–12) mm long, to 20 mm long in fruit, pubescent, inner phyllaries 8–11, yellowish green, with paler margins, 3.5–7 mm long, pubescent; paleae 4.5–6 mm long.. Ray florets yellow, rarely orange, neuter or with staminodes, (1–)2–5, tube 0.8–1.3 mm long, pubescent, rays 3–6x1.3–2.5 mm, striate; disc florets yellow to orange-yellow, 3–3.7 mm long, glabrous.. Achenes black, 4–8-ribbed, linear-tetragonal, 6–16(–25) mm long, strigose in upper half; aristae (2–)3–4(–5), yellow-brown, 2–4 mm long, retrorsely barbed.. Fig. 172 (page 805).
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Annual herb, erect, 0.1-2 m high; stem reddish tinged, 4-angled, simple or branched, pubescent or glabrous. Leaves opposite or rarely alternate near the apex, broadly ovate in outline, pinnately (3-)5-9-lobed or almost pinnatisect, 3-20 cm long, 2.5-12 cm wide, leaf segments ovate to lanceolate, lobed or bilobed at base, margins crenate-serrate to almost lobulate, apices acute; petiole to 60 mm long. Capitula in terminal lax paniculate cymes; involucre cup-shaped; outer phyllaries 4-8(-15), linear to oblanceolate, 4-6(-12) mm long, to 20 mm long in fruit, pubescent, inner phyllaries 8-11, yellowish green, with paler margins, 3.5-7 mm long, pubescent; paleae 4.5-6 mm long. Ray florets yellow, rarely orange, neuter or with staminodes, (1-)2-5, tube 0.8-1.3 mm long, pubescent, rays 3-6 x 1.3-2.5 mm, striate; disc florets yellow to orange-yellow, 3-3.7 mm long, glabrous. Achenes black, 4-8-ribbed, linear-tetragonal, 6-16(-25) mm long, strigose in upper half; aristae (2-)3-4(-5), yellow-brown, 2-4 mm long, retrorsely barbed.
Annuals. Stems erect, 30-150 cm tall, subtetragonal, loosely crisp pilose, branched in upper portion. Leaves cauline; median leaves opposite, petiole 3-5 cm, blade 9-15 cm, prominently soft pubescent on both surfaces, once or twice divided into pinnate leaflets, terminal segment ovate, shortly acuminate, rather prominently toothed, lateral segments ovate, sometimes lower one pinnatifid; upper leaves gradually smaller, opposite or alternate, bipinnately parted. Capitula radiate or discoid, 7-10 mm in diam.; peduncle 1.5-5.5 cm; phyllaries 8-10, 1-seriate, herbaceous, linear, 3-6.5 mm, acute; outer chaff calycular bracts 5-6 mm, margin hyaline. Ray florets 0-5, sterile; lamina yellow, ca. 5.5 × 2.5-3 mm, tube 1.2-1.5 mm. Disk florets bisexual, fertile; corolla 4-5.5 mm, tube 1.2-2 mm. Achenes linear, 9-19 × ca. 1 mm, compressed, 4-angled, shortly strigose; pappus awns 3 or 4, 3-4 mm. Fl. Sep-Nov.
Annual herb, up to 2 m high. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate towards apex; blade broadly ovate in outline, up to 200 mm long, 5-9-pinnately lobed or pinnatisect, leaflets ovate, basal pair ± deeply divided into 2 asymmetric lobes, margins serrate, glabrous or pilose; petiole up to 60 mm long. Heads radiate, up to 10 mm in diameter, in lax, paniculate cymes, pedunculate. Involucral bracts biseriate, imbricate, pubescent. Receptacle paleate. Flowers: ray florets small, neuter, yellow; disc florets bisexual, yellow; Jan. Fruit with cypsela black, linear-tetragonal, hispid towards apex. Pappus of 3 or 4(5) awns.
A small erect annual herb. It grows about 1 m high. It is branched. The stems are angular with furrows and some hairs. The stems are tough. The leaves are opposite with one or two pairs of leaflets and one at the edge. The leaflets at the base are lobed and have rounded teeth. They are hairy on both sides. They are yellowish green and lighter underneath. They are 2-7 cm long by 1-4 cm wide. The flowers are at the top of the plant. The flowers are in disk like heads. The flowers are yellow. The fruit has 3 or 4 bristles at the end.
Annual herb, 0.4-1.5 m high; branching, stems sometimes decumbent at base and rooting. Leaves glabrous or pilose, pinnate, base cuneate, apex acute to acuminate, margins crenate-serrate. Capitula in lax, few-headed corymbs; involucral bracts oblong or subspathulate. Ray florets 2-4, yellow. Disc florets yellow. Cypselae linear, angled, ribbed, slightly dimorphic.
Annual herb, up to 1.5 m high. Leaves once pinnate with (3-)5-9 narrowly ovate to ovate leaflets, basal pair ± deeply divided into 2 asymmetric lobes. Pappus awns 3 or 4(5). Flowers yellow.
An annual weedy herb
Yellow flowers.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.65 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in coastal locations. In southern Africa it grows between 950-1,300 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places. It occurs from Luzon to Mindanao in the Philippines. In Java it grows up to 1,250 m above sea level. It grows in fertile and well-drained soils. In Yunnan.
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A wide variety of habitats including wasteland, amongst scrub, fields, gardens, roadsides, thickets, teak forest, wet places and along watercourses; at elevations up to 2,300 metres.
A wide variety of habitats including wasteland, amongst scrub, fields, gardens, roadsides, thickets, teak forest, wet places and along watercourses; at elevations up to 2,300 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The young leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. The seeds are mixed with half boiled rice in the making of rice wine. The young leaves are eaten as a relish either raw or steamed.
Uses food gene source material medicinal
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Masticatory (unspecified), Headache (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Bidens biternata unspecified picture

Distribution

Bidens biternata world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Australia, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bhutan, Botswana, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Cabo Verde, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Ghana, Indonesia, India, Japan, Kenya, Cambodia, Korea (Republic of), Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Lesotho, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mozambique, Malaysia, Namibia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, South Sudan, eSwatini, Chad, Thailand, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:184771-1
WFO ID wfo-0000023376
COL ID LS4N
BDTFX ID 103457
INPN ID 705940
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Bidens chinensis f. chinensis Bidens chinensis Bidens lasiocarpa Bidens biternata Bidens pilosa f. rubiflora Bidens decomposita Coreopsis biternata Bidens abyssinica Bidens robertianifolia Bidens cylindrica Bidens quadriseta Actinea biternata Bidens kotschyi Bidens peduncularis Bidens biternata f. biternata Bidens decomposita Bidens abyssinica var. quadriaristata Bidens pilosa var. quadriseta Bidens biternata var. biternata Bidens chinensis var. chinensis Bidens abyssinica var. abyssinica Bidens quadriseta var. quadriseta Bidens wallichii var. bimensis Bidens biternata var. glabrata Bidens pilosa var. abyssinica Bidens quadriseta var. incisifolia Bidens biternata var. abyssinica Bidens pilosa var. glabrata Bidens pilosa var. chinensis Bidens quadriseta var. glabrata Coreopsis biternata var. biternata Bidens abyssinica var. glabrata Bidens chinensis var. abyssinica Bidens chinensis f. simplicfolia Bidens biternata f. lasiocarpa Bidens biternata f. abyssinica Bidens laciniata

Lower taxons

Bidens biternata var. mayebarae