Biophytum dendroides Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Oxalidales > Oxalidaceae > Biophytum

Characteristics

long, fleshy. Inflorescences subsessile or pedunculate, shortened, glomeruliform or fusiform, only 1 flower appearing at a time; peduncle erect, 1-8 cm long, subappressed pubescent or hirsute, the apex thickened, densely pilose; bracts subulate, to 6 mm long, purplish, pubescent; bracteoles 2-7 mm long, 0.5-1.5 mm wide, triangular linear to linear, the inner bracteoles prominently keeled, the keels somewhat lengthened, ascending ciliate; exceeding or about equalling the pedicels; pedicels 1-5 mm long, articulate in the lower half, glabrous or finely pubescent. Flowers with the sepals linear, 5-7 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, acu-minate, 7-10-nerved, glabrous or ascending pubescent, the base densely hirsute, the apex ciliate; petals whitish to pink or lilac, the base obovate or spathulate, 1.5-1.3 times the calyx length, slightly retuse, the base clawed, white; stamens with the filaments basally enlarged, glabrous, the longer stamens 4.5-5.5 mm long, the shorter stamens 3-4 mm long; pistils micro-and macrostylous, the ovary apically pilose, the carpels 1-6-ovuled, the styles sometimes unequal, pilose be-low, the stigma small, bifid. Capsule subglobose or oblong, 2.5-4 mm long, yel-lowish to violaceous, scarious, apically pubescent, or rarely pubescent overall, exceeded 1.75-2 times by the calyx, the carpels 1-6-seeded, short pubescent within; seeds semiovoid-triquetrous, one face more or less plane with an acute margin and the opposite face convex, 1.5 mm long, acute, longitudinally tuber-culate.
More
Perennial. Stem woody, becoming coarse (not compressible), up to 15 cm, finally (always?) branched, old parts reflexed. Leaves 9-16-jugate; rachis 2½-7 cm, hirsute mainly at the nodes leaflets often overlapping, terminals 4-10 by 2-6 mm, asymmetric, falcate, others smaller, truncate at base, elliptic to oblong, less asymmetric, with median midrib; apex obtuse, apiculate, upper surface sparsely hairy, underneath more so; nerves many. Peduncle 1-3½ cm, up to 7-flowered, appressed-pubescent. Pedicels 1½-3½ mm, club-shaped, shorter than the conspicuous, setaceous, 3-6 mm long bracts. Sepals 6-8 by 1-3 mm, ovate, oblong to lanceolate, apex attenuate, acute, base hairy, in fruit 5-8-nerved, longer than pedicel, 1½-2 times as long as the fruit, equal to ± shorter than the corolla. Petals 7-8 mm, lanceolate, rounded, pink to lavender. Filaments (LF) 2½-3 and 3¾-5 mm, the longer ones with a few cilia. Ovary 2 by 1 mm, apically ciliate; styles (LF) 2-2¾ mm long; stigma subulate, entire; ovules 4-6 per cell. Fruit 3-5 by 2½ mm, apically pu-berulous on the ridges. Seeds 1-6 per cell, 1 by ½ mm, with two longitudinal ridges, in between with ± longitudinal rows of tubercles.
Rhizomatous herb, stems obsolete or to 35 cm tall and woody, to 5 cm diam.; rooting up to 20 cm from the base, sometimes 2-or 4-branched; bark rough, appressed retrorse pubescent, glabrescent; root fibrous, to 10 cm long, twisted, branched. Leaves pseudoverticillate at the end of the stems, 15-30, 9-26 jugate, linear in outline, subcuneate; lower leaflets ovate to subtriangular, asymmetric, 1-2.5 mm long, 1-2.5 mm wide, the middle leaflets subrectangular to subfalcate, 2.5-10 mm long, 1.5-7 mm wide, the terminal leaflets semiobovate, asymmetric, basally truncate to subhastate, 6-11 mm long, 2.5-5 mm wide, the leaflets some-times overlapping, glabrous or sparsely hirsute on one or both sides, hirsute ciliate, obtuse or subacute, the mucro sometimes violaceous, the midrib medial or emerging from nearer the posterior angle, secondary nerves ascending, curved, branched, connected to a marginal nerve; rachis 2-10 cm long, hirsute, more so at the insertion of the leaflets; petiolules 1/4 mm long, thick, fleshy; petiole 1 mm
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.35
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Shady, grassy places. Fl. fr. Jan.-Dec.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Biophytum dendroides unspecified picture

Distribution

Biophytum dendroides world distribution map, present in Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, and El Salvador

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:371953-1
WFO ID wfo-0000565457
COL ID LV86
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Oxalis mimosoides Oxalis dendroides Toddavaddia dendrodes Biophytum dendroides Biophytum ferrugineum Biophytum longiscapum Biophytum mimosoides Oxalis viva Biophytum mimosoides Toddavaddia mimosodes