Boltonia caroliniana (Walter) Fernald

Plants 40–200 cm; basal offshoots, stolons present or absent. Stems erect to ascending. Leaf blades linear to narrowly oblanceolate or linear-obovate; cauline 76–140 × 18–26 mm, bases not decurrent. Heads in paniculiform arrays, branches spreading to ascending; bracts 7–35 × 1–5 mm. Peduncles 8–58 mm; bracts 1–3, linear to linear-subulate, 1–2 mm. Involucres 2–5 × 3–7 mm. Phyllaries in 2–3 series, linear-subulate, subequal, (0–)1–3(–5) merging down peduncles; outer 1.2–1.6 × 0.2–0.4 mm; inner 1.9–2.2 × 0.3–0.5 mm. Ray florets 25–36; corollas white to lilac, laminae 3–7.5 mm, tubes 0.5–0.7 mm. Disc florets 100–170; corollas 1.7–5 mm. Cypselae obovoid, 1.4–1.6 × 0.8–0.9 mm, wings 0 or 0.01–0.1 mm wide, faces mostly glabrous; pappus awns 0–0.4 mm. 2n = 18.