Bonatea speciosa Willd.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Bonatea

Characteristics

Erect, decumbent or scandent terrestrial herbs, 95-957 mm tall; tubers 1-8, spreading, elongate-oblong, tomentose. Stem robust, 90-950 x 2.5-14.0 mm. Leaves 4-19, lax to dense, cauline, lower sheathing, blades reduced, oblong-lanceolate to obovate, acute to acuminate, margins entire, smooth to undulate, 26-155 x 110-67 mm. Inflorescence cylindrical, 63-286 x 66.5-165.0 mm, lax to dense, 1-41-flowered; bracts similar to upper leaves, sheathing, ovate-lanceolate to ovate, acuminate to apiculate, 15-53 x 6-23 mm. Flowers spreading, green and white, pedicel and ovary sub-erect, 24-64 mm long. Dorsal sepal green, sub-erect to erect, elliptical to oblong-ovate, galeate, acute to acuminate, 15-25 x 4.5-9.5 mm; lateral sepals green, patent, slightly deflexed, oblong-lanceolate to ovate, acute to apiculate, base oblique, margins weakly revolute with acute tooth on lower margin, 14.0-29.5 x 5.5-12.5 mm, adnate to lip and stigmatic processes for 5.0-13.5 mm. Petals upper lobe green, erect, narrowly-falcate, acute to acuminate, 13-26 x 1.0-3.5 mm, adnate to dorsal sepal, lower lobe white with green tip, projecting forwards, weakly to strongly deflexed, weakly to strongly divergent falcate, linear to lanceolate, tip curved, acute to acuminate, (16-)19-39 x (1.5-)2.0-5.5 mm, adnate to claw of lip for 3.5-9.8 mm. Lip green, claw 9.0-25.5 mm, median lobe descending, geniculate, apically recurved, linear-lanceolate to narrowly-oblong, acute to acuminate, 9.0-27.5 x 0.5-3.0 mm, lateral lobes descending, diverging, falcate, linear-lanceolate, tips curved, acuminate, 11.5-39.0 x 1-4 mm; spur toothed, 20-57 mm long, clavate apex (13.5-)15.0-32.0 mm long. Anther erect, acute, 5.0-8.5 mm long, canals slender, 9.5-16.5 mm long. Stigmatic processes clavate to slightly spathulate, projecting forwards and deflexed, sub-parallel, (11.5-) 14.0-27.5 mm long, base adnate to lip. Rostellum 3-lobed, base auriculate, median lobe cucullate, acute to acuminate, margin ciliate, 5.0-11.5 mm long, lateral lobes linear, fused to anther canals, slightly deflexed to sub-erect 45°, sub-parallel, 2.5-7.0 mm long.
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Terrestrial herb, robust, geophyte, 0.42-1.00 m high; with oblong tuberous roots. Leaves cauline, oblong to broadly lanceolate, acute, up to 130 x 40 mm. Inflorescence a dense, elongated raceme; flowers many, white and green. Sepals unequal; median sepal erect, forming hood, 14-24 mm long; lateral sepals oblique and reflexed. Petals deeply 2-lobed, upper lobe linear, 15-25 mm long, lower (anterior) lobe linear to oblanceolate, falcate, acuminate, 18-36 mm long, fused at base with stigmatic arms and lip. Lip 3-lobed, midlobe narrowly linear, falcate, 14-21 mm long, sharply bent in middle, side lobes slightly longer than midlobe; spur 25-47 mm long, swollen towards apex. Flowering time June-Feb.
Lip 26–32 mm long, joined to the stigma for 7–8 mm at the base, 3-lobed from a basal claw 9–10 mm long. Mid-lobe 20–23 × 1.5–2 mm long, linear, bent back about the middle; side lobes 20–23 × 1.5–2 mm, linear, falcate, acuminate.
Robust, tuberous geophyte to 1 m. Leaves oblong to broadly lanceolate. Flowers usually many in a lax to dense raceme, usually many-flowered, green and white, petals bilobed, lip 3-fid, spur 25-47 mm long, stigmas ± 25 mm long.
Petals 2-lobed, upper lobe 15–16 × 2–3 mm, linear, ± adnate to dorsal sepal; lower lobe 20–25 × 1 mm long, linear or oblanceolate, acuminate.
Inflorescence ± densely to c. 15-flowered; ovary and pedicel 40–45 mm long; bracts leafy, 30–45 × 10–12 mm, ovate, acuminate.
Stem erect, leafy; leaves 7–10 × 2–3 cm, lanceolate to ovate, acute, sheathing at the base.
Lateral sepals 19–22 mm long, obliquely ovate, apiculate, slightly rolled lengthwise.
Robust terrestrial herb 40–100 cm tall; tubers cylindrical, villous.
Dorsal sepal 18–20 × 12 mm erect, ovate, acute, very convex.
Stigmatic arms up to 16 mm long; anther canals 7–8 mm long.
Flowers green and white, with a slightly spicy scent.
Spur 3.5–4 cm long, slender, swollen at apex.
Column 9 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 0.98
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OctNovDec
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 9-9

Usage

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Cultivation

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Images

Bonatea speciosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Bonatea speciosa world distribution map, present in Mozambique and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:617875-1
WFO ID wfo-0000349984
COL ID MH7C
BDTFX ID 46231
INPN ID 110991
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Orchis speciosa Bonatea densiflora Bonatea speciosa Habenaria bonatea Habenaria densiflora Habenaria robusta Bonatea speciosa var. speciosa