Herbs, annual or perennial, rarely suffrutescent. Leaves with the petioles united to the stipules forming a setiferous sheath. Inflorescences capitate, usually sessile, axillary or terminating the stem. Flowers with the calycine lobes 2 or 4, equal or unequal, often with interdental teeth, the corolla reduced, funnelshaped, the lobes 4, the stamens usually attached near the mouth; ovary 2 celled with an ascending ovule in each cell. Fruits capsular, coriaceous or membranaceous, 2-valved, the valves septicidally dehiscent; seeds 1 per cell.
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