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Botrychium multifidum (S.G.Gmel.) Rupr.

Leathery grapefern (en), Botryche multifide (fr), Sceptridium multifide (fr), Botryche à feuilles de rue (fr), Botryche à feuilles multifides (fr)

Species

Pteridophytes > Ophioglossales > Ophioglossaceae > Botrychioideae > Botrychium

Characteristics

Plants 10–45 cm; bud pilose, its blade and sporophore reflexed; blade inframedial or nearly basal on an evident stalk, evergreen, rather fleshy or coriaceous, sparingly pilose, 3–15 × 3–20 cm, plane in life, 2–4 times ternate-pinnately compound, the pinnae and lesser segments often crowded, the ultimate segments less than twice as long as wide, obtuse or rounded, subentire to crenate or dentate; sporophore long-stalked, bipinnate or tripinnate; 2n=90. Meadows and open woods; circumboreal, in Amer. s. to N.C., Ill., Io., and Calif. Mostly Aug.–Sept. (B. matricariae; B. silaifolium)
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Trophophore stalk 2--15 cm, 0.3--1.2 times length of trophophore rachis; blade shiny green, plane, ternate, 2--3-pinnate, to 25 × 35 cm, leathery. Pinnae to 10 pairs, approximate to remote, horizontal to ascending, distance between 1st and 2d pinnae not or slightly more than between 2d and 3d pairs, divided to tip. Pinnules obliquely ovate, rounded, margins usually ± entire to shallowly crenulate, sometimes inconspicuously and shallowly denticulate, apex rounded, venation pinnate. Sporophores 2--3-pinnate, 1.2 times length of trophophore. 2 n =90.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination hydrogamy
Spread autochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.08 - 0.32
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 1-6
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Botrychium multifidum unspecified picture

Distribution

Botrychium multifidum world distribution map, present in Austria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Greenland, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Liberia, Lithuania, Latvia, Norway, Poland, Romania, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1193380-2
WFO ID wfo-0001116205
COL ID MPJQ
BDTFX ID 10002
INPN ID 86189
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Botrychium baeckeanum Botrychium rutaceum Osmunda bavarica Osmunda matricarioides Botrychium ternatum f. silaifolium Botrychium ternatum f. coulteri Botrychium breynii Sceptridium matricariae Botrychium matricarioides Sceptridium coulteri Botrychium californicum Sceptridium californicum Sceptridium multifidum Botrychium rutifolium Botrychium matricariae Osmunda multifida Sceptridium silaifolium Botrychium coulteri Botrychium multifidum Osmunda matricariae Botrychium ternatum f. intermedium Botrychium silaifolium Osmunda rutacea Botrychium multifidum f. multifidum Sceptridium obliquum var. intermedium Botrychium multifidum var. multifidum Botrychium multifidium var. intermedium Osmunda lunaria var. beckeana Sceptridium ternatum var. coulteri Botrychium ternatum var. intermedium Botrychium multifidum var. australe
WorldFloraDB 2024