Annual or perennial herbs, rarely subshrubs. Lvs alternate, basal or cauline, simple, entire to pinnatifid. Capitula solitary or numerous. Involucral bracts in 2-3 rows, imbricate, herbaceous with membranous margins. Receptacle slightly convex to hemispheric; scales 0. Outer florets ♀, ligulate, in 1 row; ligules white, to pink, blue or purple. Inner florets ☿, tubular, few to numerous. Achenes dimorphic or all similar, terete or compressed, mostly obovoid or oblong, hairy, glandular or glabrous, sometimes with ribs or wings; pappus usually of a ring of small to large free or united simple bristles, sometimes 0.