Brasenia schreberi J.F.Gmel.

Watershield (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Nymphaeales > Cabombaceae > Brasenia

Characteristics

Apparently glabrous aquatic with all submerged parts covered with a profuse clear slimy jelly-like mucilage; the outsides of the sepals and petals, the undersurfaces of the leaves, submerged petioles, pedicels, etc., are covered with minute purplish glandular hairs which may secrete this mucilage.. Leaf-blades round or broadly elliptic, 2.5–11.5 cm. long, 1.5–7 cm. wide, entire, green above, usually reddish-brown or purplish beneath with 12 nerves radiating from the centre; petiole-length depending on the depth of the water, 0.05–1 m. long or more, slender, ±1.5 mm. in diameter.. Pedicels reddish-brown, 4–5 cm. long, 2 mm. in diameter.. Sepals purplish-or brownish-red, elliptic or narrowly oblong, 0.9–1.4 cm. long, 3–6 mm. wide, rounded atthe apex.. Petals crimson, purplish-or brownish-red, narrowly oblong or linear-oblong, 1.2–1.7 cm. long, 3–4 mm. wide, narrowly rounded at the apex.. Filaments of the stamens filiform, 1 cm. long, papillose; anthers reddish, linear-oblong, 3.5 mm. long, apiculate.. Carpels fusiform or narrowly ovoid, 5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide, sparsely papillose; stigma simple, 3–4.5 mm. long, papillose all over save for a narrow longitudinal area facing the perianth.. Fruiting carpels ellipsoid or fusiform, 0.6–1 cm. long, 2–2.5 mm. wide; stigma persistent.. Seeds pale brown, ellipsoid, 2.7–3.5 mm. long, 2–2.3 mm. wide.
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All submerged parts with jelly-like mucilage. Leaves: petiole to 2 m long; lamina orbicular to elliptic, 2.5–11.5 cm long, 2–7.5 cm wide, green above, reddish brown or purplish beneath. Flowers held at or slightly above water surface. Sepals 9–14 mm long, 3–6 mm wide, purplish red or brownish red. Petals 12–18 mm long, 3–4 mm wide, purplish red or brownish red. Filaments to 10 mm long; anthers reddish, c. 3.5 mm long. Fruiting carpels to c. 10 mm long. Seeds 2.5–3 mm long.
A water plant. It is a herb. It has runners or stolons and underground stems or rhizomes. It keeps growing from year to year. It forms roots at the nodes. The leaves float. The leaf stalk join to the centre of the leaf. The leaves are 5 cm long and 8 cm wide. The leaf stalk is up to 2 m long. The stems, leaf stalks and leaves under the water have a slimy covering. The leaves are often red underneath. The flowers occur singly. They are in the axils of leaves and they float.
Stems to 1--2 m, glabrous, base rhizomatous. Petiole 25--40 cm; leaf blade 5--10 × 3.5--6 cm, glabrous. Flowers 1--2 cm in diam.; peduncle 6--10 cm. Perianth dull purple; segments 10--15(--20) × 2--7 mm; petals slightly longer and narrower than sepals, apex obtuse. Stamens 1/2 as long as petals, anthers linear, ca. 4 mm. Fruit 6--10 mm. Seeds 1--2, 2.5--4 × 2--3 mm. Fl. Jun., fr. Oct. 2n = 72, 80.
Leaves floating, rotund, peltate, 7.5 (10) x 5–7 cm., margin entire, green above, reddish-brown or purplish below, nerves 12, radiating from the apex of the petiole, rather faint, petiole reddish-brown, attached at the centre of the leaf-blade, up to 1 m. or more long according to the depth of the water, c. 1.5 mm. in diam.
Stem to 2 m; lf-blades elliptic, 4–12 cm, half as wide; fls dull purple, on stout peduncles to 15 cm; sep and pet persistent, the latter 12–16 mm, the former somewhat shorter; 2n=80. Quiet water; N.S. and e. Que. to Minn., s. to Fla. and Tex.; also on the Pacific slope, and in tropical Amer., and the Old World. Summer.
Leaf blade 3.5-13.5 × 2-8 cm. Flowers ca. 2 cm diam.; perianth parts dull purple, 10-20 × 2-7 mm; petals slightly longer and narrower than sepals. Fruits 6-10 mm. Seeds 1-2, 2.5-4 × 2-3 mm. 2 n = 80.
Glabrous, aquatic herb. Submerged parts of plant covered with profuse, clear, slimy mucilage. Leaves floating, peltate. Flowers produced under water, purplish to brownish red.
Stamens with slender papillose filaments up to 1 cm. long; anthers reddish, 3.5 mm. long, narrowly oblong, apiculate at the apex.
Carpels 5 x 2 mm., narrowly lanceolate-ovoid, sparsely papillose, stigma simple, 3 mm. long, papillose.
Glabrous aquatic plant with all its submerged parts covered with a profuse, clear, slimy mucilage.
Flowers solitary, axillary on reddish-brown peduncles up to c. 8 cm. long, c. 2 mm. in diam.
Sepals purplish-brownish-red, petaloid, c. 1.4 x 0.3 cm., narrowly oblong, apex rounded.
Ripe carpels 7 x 2 mm., ellipsoid with a persistent stigma.
Seeds 3.5 x 2.3 mm., ellipsoid, testa pale brown.
Petals similar to the sepals but slightly larger.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support aquatic
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in the subtropics. It grows in quiet water. It grows in ponds with muddy bottoms. It grows in wetlands. It does better in acid water conditions. It needs good light. It is best in water 20-25 cm deep. It grows best between 20°C and 30°C. In India it grows between 1,200-1,800 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places. In Yunnan.
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Oligotrophic or mesotrophic ponds, lakes, and sluggish streams at elevations from sea level to 2,000 metres in N. America.
Oligotrophic or mesotrophic ponds, lakes, and sluggish streams at elevations from sea level to 2,000 metres in N. America.
Grows in still freshwater to 2 m deep on sandy or muddy substrates.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 10-12
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-12

Usage

The newly emerged leaves can be added to salads. They can be cooked as a green. The tubers can be boiled and eaten. They can be dried and ground into flour.
Uses environmental use food medicinal
Edible leaves roots
Therapeutic use Anti-infective agents (leaf), Astringents (leaf), Dysentery (leaf), Tuberculosis, pulmonary (leaf), Digestive system diseases (seed), Dysentery (seed), Periodontal diseases (seed), Thirst (seed), Cooling effect on body (seed), Abscess (stem), Furunculosis (stem), Cachexia (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Virility (unspecified), Vulnerary (unspecified), Debility (unspecified), Favus (unspecified), Cancer(Stomach) (unspecified), Skin neoplasms (unspecified), Stomach ulcer (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown by dividing the underground rhizome. It can also be grown from long cuttings of actively growing plants.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Brasenia schreberi unspecified picture

Distribution

Brasenia schreberi world distribution map, present in Angola, American Samoa, Australia, Burundi, Bangladesh, Belize, Bhutan, Botswana, Canada, China, Cameroon, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, India, Jamaica, Japan, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Mexico, Malawi, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Russian Federation, El Salvador, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Brasenia schreberi threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605270-1
WFO ID wfo-0000392265
COL ID N75Y
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 886247
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Brasenia pelta Brasenia peltata Brasenia purpurea Brasenia nymphoides Brasenia schreberi Cabomba peltata Hydropeltis purpurea Brasenia hydropeltis Hydropeltis pulla