Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.

Calopo (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Calopogonium

Characteristics

Slender, sometimes wiry vines, twining or trailing, stems pilose with spreading golden hairs ca. 1 mm long. Leaves pinnate trifoliolate, the leaflets chartaceous, ovate, mostly 2-6 cm long, mucronulate, obtuse at both ends, lateral leaflets sometimes slightly oblique, the major veins prominent beneath, appressed pilose, more so beneath; petiolules ca. 3 mm long, tomentose; rachis mostly 5-15 mm long; petioles mostly longer than the terminal leaflet; stipels ca. 4 mm long, pubescent; stipules ovoid, ca. 3 mm long, pilose. Racemes slender, peduncles short in flower, elongate, 3-12 cm long in fruit, the rachis not expanded, flowers in fascicles of 2-6, becoming distant in fruit, pedicels 1-2 mm long, appressed pubescent; bracts and bracteoles narrowly ovate, to linear, striate, long pilose, ca. 4 mm long. Flowers blue or purple, inconspicuous or rarely showy, the calyx 4-7 mm long, deeply 4-fid, the lobes narrow, pilose, the sinuses somewhat ex-ceeded by the bracts, the upper pair fused basally, basally deltoid, apically sub-ulate; corolla with the standard 7-10 mm long, emarginate, slightly exceeding the wings, the keel shorter, curved; ovary villous, the style glabrous. Legume linear oblong, flat, mostly 2-3 cm long, ca. 4 mm wide, mostly straight, the beak 1-2 mm long, softly pilose with coarse reddish brown hairs, sometimes laterally im-pressed between the seeds; seeds 3-8 dark yellowish or reddish brown, com-pressed squarish, 2-3 mm long, the hilum circular, central on one edge.
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Trailing or twining herb 1-several m. long, densely pilose with long spreading ferruginous hairs.. Leaflets elliptic, ovate or rhomboid-ovate, (1·5–)4–10(–15) cm. long, (1·3–)2–5(–9·3) cm. wide, obtuse or subacute and apiculate at the apex, rounded at the base, the laterals oblique, adpressed pilose or pubescent on both surfaces; petiole 2–16 cm. long, pilose; rhachis 0·5–2·2 cm. long; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 4 mm. long.. Inflorescences 1–10 cm. long above a peduncle 0–17 cm. long, ferruginous pilose; fascicles ± 6-flowered, often well-separated or sometimes single and subsessile; pedicels very short; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate, 4 mm. long.. Calyx campanulate, 6–8 mm. long, pilose; teeth subulate, the upper 2 about as long as the tube, the lower 3 longer.. Standard blue, 0·7–1 cm. long, 5–6 mm. wide, emarginate.. Ovary hairy; style glabrous, about as long as the ovary.. Pods linear-oblong, 2–4 cm. long, 3·5–5 mm. wide, straight or curved, densely bristly ferruginous hairy, 5–8-seeded, transversely impressed between the seeds; fruiting pedicels 2–3 mm. long.. Seeds dark brown or yellow-brown, squarish or oblong, longest dimension 2·5–3·7 mm., shorter dimension 2·5–3 mm., 1·5–2 mm. thick; hilum small, round, central, with a short impressed groove at one end.
A trailing or twining herb. It grows to several metres long. The stems are covered with long spreading rusty hairs. The leaflets are oval and 1.5-16 cm long by 1.3-11.5 cm wide. They are rounded at the base and ending abruptly in a small tip at the top. The side leaflets are slanting at an angle, and hairy on both sides. The leaf stalk is 2-16 cm long. The flower arrangements are 1-10 cm long, on stalks 0-17 cm long. These stalks have rusty hairs. There are 6 flowers in a cluster but these are well separated. The largest petal is violet or blue. The fruit are long and narrow and 2-4.5 cm long by 3.5-5 mm wide. These pods can be straight or curved. They have rusty hairs and 5-8 seeds. The seeds are dark brown and almost square. They are 2.5-3.7 cm long by 2.5-3 mm wide. The seed scar is round, and in the centre.
Herbs, twining or procumbent, densely hirsute with spreading fulvous hairs. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, 4-5 mm; petiole 4-12 cm; stipels subulate; terminal leaflet ovate-rhom­bic, lateral ones obliquely ovate, 4-10 × 2-5 cm, broadly cune­ate to rounded at base, acute or blunt at apex. Inflorescences 1-10 cm; flowers 5 or 6, clustered at nodes of rachis; bracts and bracteoles linear-lanceolate, ca. 5 mm. Calyx tube glabrescent; lobes longer than tube, linear-lanceolate, densely appressed hir­sute, long acuminate at apex. Corolla purplish; wings obovate-oblong; keel straight, with short auricles. Ovary densely hirsute. Legumes linear-oblong, 2-4 cm × ca. 4 mm, straight or slightly curved, with appressed long brown bristles, 5-or 6-seeded. Seeds ca. 2.5 × 2 mm. Fl. Oct.
Leaflets (1.5)4–10(15) × (1.3)2–5(9.3) cm, elliptic, ovate or rhombic-ovate, obtuse or subacute and apiculate at the apex, rounded at the base, the lateral leaflets oblique, appressed pilose or pubescent on both surfaces; petiole 2–16 cm long, pilose; rhachis 0.5–2.2 cm long; stipules 4 mm long, ovate-lanceolate.
Inflorescences 1–10 cm long above a peduncle 0–17 cm long, ferruginous pilose; fascicles c. 6-flowered, often well separated or sometimes single and subsessile; pedicels very short; bracts and bracteoles 4 mm long, lanceolate.
Pods 2–4 cm × 3.5–5 mm, linear-oblong, straight or curved, densely bristly ferruginous hairy, 5–8-seeded, transversely impressed between the seeds; fruiting pedicels 2–3 mm long.
Seeds dark brown or yellow-brown, 2.5–3.7 × 2.5–3 × 1.5–2 mm, squarish or oblong; hilum small, round, central, with a short impressed groove at one end.
Calyx campanulate, 6–8 mm long, pilose; teeth subulate, the upper 2 more or less equalling the tube in length, the lower 3 longer.
Trailing or twining herb 1–several m long, densely pilose with long spreading ferruginous hairs.
Ovary hairy; style glabrous, more or less equalling the ovary in length.
Standard blue, 7–10 × 5–6 mm, emarginate.
Deep blue flowers
A hairy climber
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows from sea level to 550 m altitude in the tropics near the equator. It commonly becomes self sown on waste land. It suits hot, humid, tropical conditions with rainfall over 1500 mm per year. It cannot grow in shade. In Yunnan.
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Moist thickets, bushy, rocky areas and light forests. Moist or dry, rocky thickets, often on open banks, sometimes in pine forest; at elevations up to 1,500 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Uses animal food cover plant environmental use food forage green manure manure medicinal oil soil improve
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Antifungal agents (leaf), Filariasis (leaf), Debility (unspecified), Filariasis (unspecified), Estrogen receptor modulators (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. Seed are produced in large numbers and seed often germinate in the pods.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 24 - 32
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Calopogonium mucunoides habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Calopogonium mucunoides habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Leaf

Calopogonium mucunoides leaf picture by Aly Diallo (cc-by-sa)
Calopogonium mucunoides leaf picture by Omodot Umoh (cc-by-sa)
Calopogonium mucunoides leaf picture by Omodot Umoh (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Calopogonium mucunoides flower picture by claire Felloni (cc-by-sa)
Calopogonium mucunoides flower picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Calopogonium mucunoides flower picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Fruit

Calopogonium mucunoides fruit picture by Herwig Mees (cc-by-sa)
Calopogonium mucunoides fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Calopogonium mucunoides fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Calopogonium mucunoides world distribution map, present in Angola, Argentina, American Samoa, Australia, Burundi, Belize, Brazil, Barbados, Brunei Darussalam, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Guadeloupe, Guinea-Bissau, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mexico, Northern Mariana Islands, Montserrat, Martinique, Mauritius, Malawi, Malaysia, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Niue, Nepal, Nauru, Panama, Peru, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sierra Leone, El Salvador, Suriname, Seychelles, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:483437-1
WFO ID wfo-0000179119
COL ID Q297
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447159
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Calopogonium flavidum Calopogonium orthocarpum Calopogonium brachycarpum Stenolobium brachycarpum Stenolobium brachycarpum var. brachystachyum Calopogonium mucunoides