Calymperes pallidum Mitt.

Species

Bryophytes > Dicranales > Calymperaceae > Calymperes

Characteristics

Plants small, in loose tufts, dark green; corticolous. Stems erect, irregularly branched; in section round, central strand absent, inner cortical cells in 4-5 rows, outer cortical cells in 1-2 rows, slightly smaller, brownish. Leaves contorted and exposing hyaline bases dry, erect-spreading wet; oblong to ungulate above obovate base, 2-3(4) mm long; apex rounded, apiculate; base sheathing; margins plane, serrate, strongly so at shoulders; teniolae present, occasionally weak above, in section forming intermarginal, multicellular knob; extrateniolar lamina 1-3 cells wide. Costa percurrent to just excurrent, ventral superficial cells quadrate to rectangular, smooth to weakly prorate above, dorsal superficial cells rectangular, sharply prorate; in section elliptical, stereids absent, guide cells 6-8, large, weakly thickened, ventral cells in 3-4 layers, smaller than guide cells, ventral surface cells slightly larger, mam-millose, dorsal cells in 6-7 layers, cells in 3 rows under guide cells similar to ventral cells, 3-4 outer rows with cells smaller, flattened, incrassate, dorsal surface cells larger, sharply mammillose. Laminal cells small, rounded-quadrate, ventral surface strongly mammillose, dorsal surface weakly mammillose or papillose; single row of juxtacostal cells slightly larger; cancellinae rectangular; teniolar cells rectangular to long-rectangular, smooth. Dioicous. Perichaetia terminal, leaves weakly differentiated, base somewhat longer. Seta 3-4 mm long, red-brown; capsule cylindrical, 2.0-2.5 mm long, yellow-brown; exothecial cells rectangular, weakly sinuolate, in zig-zaging rows, at mouth with 2 rows of quadrate cells and up to 7 rows of transversely rectangular cells below mouth; stomata present at base of urn, phaneropore; peristome absent; operculum long-rostrate, 0.7-1.2 mm long, cells not twisted; calyptra persistent, cylindrical-rostrate, clasping base of capsule, scabrous above, dehiscence of spores through longitudinal slits in upper calyptra; spores rounded, 15-25 µm, yellowish, smooth with scattered large granules.
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Plants gregarious and tufted, pale green, erect when dry, to 7 mm. Leaves slightly dimorphic; vegetative 2-2.5 mm; distal lamina oblong-lanceolate; margins 1-stratose to slightly thickened distally, irregularly serrate; costa in cross section absent well-defined stereid cells; medial cells distinct, 8-10 µm, bulging and 1-to pluripapillose adaxially, bulging to 1-papillose abaxially; teniolae distinct at leaf shoulders and above; cancellinae rounded or ending in acute angles distally, adaxial distal cells mammillose at least in part; gemmiferous leaves with narrowed apices, bearing gemmae mostly adaxially but also abaxially on apices.
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Foliage retention deciduous
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Mature height (meter) 0.01
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

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Cultivation

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Distribution

Calymperes pallidum world distribution map, present in Brazil and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID 35153849
WFO ID wfo-0001177997
COL ID Q6K2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 726615
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Calymperes piovanoi Calymperes dilatatum Calymperes erosulum Calymperes hispido-costatum Calymperes minus Calymperes thompsonii Calymperes cubense Calymperes decolorans Calymperes mahense Calymperes pallidum Calymperes palmicola Calymperes uleanum Calymperes decolorans var. latifolium