Calypso Salisb.

Fairy slipper (en)

Genus

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae

Characteristics

Herbs, terrestrial, small. Tuber globose-ovoid to cylindric, small, sometimes with withered remains of previous year’s tuber still attached, with several fleshy, filiform roots at base and a small coralloid rhizome beneath. Leaf solitary, arising directly from tuber apex, ovate to elliptic, plicate, conspicuously narrowed at base into a long petiole-like stalk, apex acute. Inflorescence terminal, erect, taller than leaf, with several tubular sheaths, 1(or 2)-flowered. Flower resupinate, showy. Sepals and petals similar, free, spreading, linear to lanceolate, apex acute; lip pendulous, with a broad spurlike process at base and 2 small auricles placed laterally at its mouth, apically broadened into an ovate blade; blade spreading, apical margin sometimes slightly undulate or involute, with a pubescent patch on disk; spurlike process adpressed to abaxial surface of blade, cornute, with a large mouth, apex tapering and 2-lobed. Column erect, slightly curved, with long, broad wings; anther subterminal; pollinia 4, in 2 pairs, waxy, sessile on a square viscidium. Capsule ellipsoid.
More
Herbs, perennial, rather succulent. Roots few, slender, fleshy. Stems scapose; corm slender to stout, fleshy; sheathing bracts usually 2, partially cloaking stem. Leaves produced in autumn, withering spring, solitary, arising from corm, plicate, leathery. Inflorescences terminal, each with 1 flower, arising from corm; floral bract with color of stem or sepals, reduced to prominent. Flowers solitary, resupinate, horizontal to slightly nodding, large, showy; sepals and petals ascending to erect; lip slipper-shaped, with basal orifice and 2 horns near apex, margin of lip dilated, forming bearded, apronlike lamina; pollinarium solitary; pollinia 4, flattened, superposed in 2 pairs flanking axis of pollinarium; viscidia large, quadrangular; stigma concave. Fruits capsules.
Sep and lateral pet lance-linear, similar, ascending over the lip; lip saccate, shoe-shaped, declined, narrowed to the shortly bifid summit, the distal part covered by a delicate transparent apron; column broadly oval, petaloid, overhanging the lip; anther sessile on the lower side of the column just beneath the tip, each locule with a bifid pollinium; perennial from a corm with coralloid roots, producing in autumn a single basal lf that persists through the next anthesis, and in the spring sending up a lfless scape bearing 2 or 3 sheathing bracts and at the summit a solitary, nodding, nectarless fl subtended by a linear bract. Monotypic.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
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Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Root system rhizome
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Environment

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Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

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Cultivation

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Images

Calypso unspecified picture

Distribution

Calypso world distribution map, present in Chile, China, Colombia, Finland, Micronesia (Federated States of), Japan, Montenegro, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Sweden, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331162-2
WFO ID wfo-4000006287
COL ID 8VVX7
BDTFX ID 121002
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Calypso

Lower taxons

Calypso bulbosa