Camellia oleifera C.Abel

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Theaceae > Camellia

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees, 1-5(-8) m tall. Young branches grayish brown; current year branchlets reddish brown, pubescent. Petiole 5-10 mm, pubescent; leaf blade elliptic, oblong-elliptic, or obovate, 3-10(-12) × 2-4(-5) cm, leathery to rigidly leathery, abaxially pale green, sparsely pilose along midvein or glabrous, and becoming yellowish green when dry, adaxially dark green, shiny, and hirtellous along midvein, midvein raised on both surfaces, secondary veins 5-8 on each side of midvein, abaxially obscure, and adaxially raised, base broadly cuneate to cuneate, margin serrate to serrulate, apex acute to acuminate and with an obtuse tip. Flowers axillary or subterminal, solitary or paired, 4-6 cm in diam., subsessile. Bracteoles and sepals 8-11, caducous; outer bracteoles and sepals lunate to semiorbicular, scalelike, 1-3 mm, glabrous or subglabrous; inner bracteoles and sepals obovate to suborbicular, 0.9-1.2 cm, outside yellow tomentose, inside glabrous, margin membranous and ciliolate. Petals 5-7, white, nearly distinct, obovate, oblong-obovate, or oblanceolate, 2.5-3.5(-4.5) × 1.5-2.5(-3) cm, apically 2-parted. Stamens ca. 1.5 cm, glabrous; outer filament whorl basally connate for ca. 5 mm. Ovary globose, 2-3 mm in diam., white tomentose, 3-loculed; style 0.8-1.2 cm, glabrous or base tomentose, apically 3-lobed to 3-parted. Capsule globose to ellipsoid, 2-4 cm in diam., 1-3-loculed with 1 or 2 seeds per locule; pericarp 3-6 mm thick, villous, splitting into 2 or 3 valves. Seeds brown to reddish brown, globose to semiglobose, 1.5-2 cm in diam. Fl. Dec-Jan, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 30, 45, 60, 90.
More
A shrub. In forests it can be a small tree. It grows 3-4 cm high. The young branches are hairy. New growth is bright yellow-green. The leaves are leathery and narrowly oblong. They are 3-5 cm long by 2-3 cm wide. The flower buds are pink and the flowers are white. The flowers usually occur singly in the axils near the ends of branches. The fruit are round capsules about 2 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5
Mature height (meter) 4.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows on exposed grassy slopes. It is native to southern China. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
More
Forests, thickets, banks of streams and foothills; at elevations from 500-1,800 metres.
Forests, thickets, banks of streams and foothills at elevations of 500-1,300 metres.
Light 4-7
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 1-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-9

Usage

An edible oil is extracted from the seeds.
Uses afforestation dye food material medicinal oil
Edible flowers leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Demulcent (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified), Ointment-Base (unspecified), Soap (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Camellia oleifera unspecified picture

Distribution

Camellia oleifera world distribution map, present in China

Conservation status

Camellia oleifera threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:828535-1
WFO ID wfo-0000582552
COL ID Q9NX
BDTFX ID 60474
INPN ID 120881
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Theopsis banksiana Sasanqua oleifera Camellia banksiana Camellia oleifera Camellia podogyna Camellia sasanqua Camellia biflora Thea biflora Thea podogyna Thea oleifera Theaphylla oleifera Camellia obscura Camellia drupifera f. biflora Camellia oleifera var. oleifera Thea sasanqua var. loureiroi