Campanula rapunculoides L.

Rampion bellflower (en), Fausse raiponce (fr), Campanule fausse Raiponce (fr), Campanule fausse raiponce (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Campanulaceae > Campanula

Characteristics

Hairy or hispid rhizomatous perennial, with erect stems to 1 m tall and creeping, slender rhizomes. Basal and lowermost cauline lvs with long slender petioles > lamina; lamina 6-10 × 3-6 cm, ovate, hairy, especially on veins below, crenate-serrate; base subcordate or cordate; apex short-acuminate or acute; most cauline lvs sessile or shortly petiolate, 5-15 × 0.7-5 cm, narrow-ovate or lanceolate; base cuneate to attenuate, otherwise similar to basal lvs. Lower bracts similar to upper cauline lvs; upper bracts linear to subulate, mostly > pedicels. Racemes long, terminal, puberulent; fls secund, ± nodding; pedicels c. 5 mm long, puberulent, becoming ± recurved by anthesis. Calyx teeth c. 7 mm long, narrowly oblong or lanceolate, hairy or glabrate, reflexed. Corolla 2-3 cm long, campanulate-funnelform, violet-blue or bluish mauve; lobes = or slightly < tube, not spreading widely or reflexing. Stigmas 3-(4). Capsule 3-celled, 6-9 mm long, obovoid, dehiscing by basal slits.
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Perennial 4–10 dm from a rhizome with many fleshy vertical roots, usually unbranched; stem smooth or sparsely hairy; lvs coarse, irregularly serrate, usually sparsely hairy beneath, the lower long-petioled, ovate, rounded to subcordate at base, the upper progressively narrowed to lanceolate and often subsessile; infl strict, unbranched, secund, with much reduced bracts; sep and hypanthium glabrous to finely hairy; cor blue, somewhat nodding, 2–3 cm; 2n=102. A persistent weed in lawns, roadsides and waste ground; native of Eurasia, intr. from N.S. to Minn., s. to Del., Ky., and Mo. July, Aug.
A plant which keeps growing from year to year. It grows 30-60 cm tall. It forms large patches. The leaves have teeth along the edge. The flower stems are tall. The flowers are nodding and bell shaped. They are blue or violet. They are 20-30 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Fields and woods. Naturalised in Britain where it grows in fields and more or less disturbed grassy areas such as railway banks, occasionally in woods, usually near to houses.
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It grows in temperate places. It is often in woodland and rocky places. Melbourne Botanical gardens. It suits hardiness zones 4-9. Tasmania Herbarium.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-7

Usage

The fleshy underground branches can be chopped and added to soups or boiled. The young shoots are cooked as a vegetable and used as a potherb.
Uses environmental use medicinal potherb
Edible flowers leaves roots shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 28
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Campanula rapunculoides habit picture by Jacques Zuber (cc-by-sa)
Campanula rapunculoides habit picture by Krampl Tomáš (cc-by-sa)
Campanula rapunculoides habit picture by Francois Mansour (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Campanula rapunculoides leaf picture by Am Großen Herzberg (cc-by-sa)
Campanula rapunculoides leaf picture by Chris Georges (cc-by-sa)
Campanula rapunculoides leaf picture by Landsiedl Anton (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Campanula rapunculoides flower picture by Alain Lagrave (cc-by-sa)
Campanula rapunculoides flower picture by Jacques Zuber (cc-by-sa)
Campanula rapunculoides flower picture by Lindroos Kristian (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Campanula rapunculoides fruit picture by jessica tripp (cc-by-sa)
Campanula rapunculoides fruit picture by francois tissot (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Campanula rapunculoides world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Colombia, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:140949-1
WFO ID wfo-0000828416
COL ID QBTT
BDTFX ID 75010
INPN ID 87711
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Campanula rapunculoides f. trachelioides Campanula rapunculiformis Campanula setosa Campanula speciosa Campanula crenata Campanula morifolia Campanula rigida Rapunculus redivivus Campanula bocconei Campanula chysnysuensis Campanula foliosa Campanula macrostachya Campanula rhomboidalis Campanula urticifolia Campanula ucranica Campanula neglecta Cenekia rapunculoides Campanula rigida Drymocodon rapunculoides Campanula rhomboidea Campanula rapunculoides var. glabrata Campanula rapunculoides var. macrophylla Campanula rapunculoides var. nana Campanula rapunculoides var. nemorosa Campanula rapunculoides var. oenipontana Campanula rapunculoides var. racemosa Campanula rapunculoides var. ramosissima Campanula rapunculoides var. reflexa Campanula rapunculoides var. speciosa Campanula rapunculoides var. subsimplex Campanula rapunculoides var. trachelioides Cenekia rapunculoides var. racemosa Cenekia rapunculoides var. reflexa Cenekia rapunculoides var. speciosa Campanula rapunculoides f. crenata Campanula rapunculoides f. secunda Campanula rapunculoides f. ucrainica Campanula rapunculoides var. rapunculoides Campanula rapunculoides

Lower taxons

Campanula rapunculoides subsp. cordifolia Campanula rapunculoides subsp. rapunculoides