Canarium balsamiferum Willd.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Burseraceae > Canarium

Characteristics

Buttressed tree, 17-28 m by 20-40(-70) cm. Branchlets 0.5-0.75 cm thick, glabrescent; pith with many vascular strands, which are sometimes arranged in two concentric cylinders. Stipules none. Leaves (3-)5-8-jugate, glabrous. Leaflets lanceolate to oblong, 9-24 by 2-9.25 cm, herbaceous to coriaceous; base broadly cuneate to slightly cordate; margin entire; apex acute, rather abruptly, short (c. 1 cm) and slenderly blunt-acuminate; nerves 8-15 pairs (angle 60-70°), little curved, rarely distinctly arching close to the margin; reticulations very slender and rather dense. Inflorescences axillary, glabrescent, slender, ♂ ones narrowly paniculate, 10-50 cm, main branches c. 2(-10) cm, patent, paniculate, 3-11-flowered; female ones mostly racemose, 4-10 cm. Flowers (nearly) glabrous, ♂ ones 1 cm long, female ones 5-6 mm. Calyx 3-5 mm high. Stamens glabrous, in ♂ flowers connate for 1-2 mm, in female ones very slightly connate. Disk in ♂ flowers thick and ovoid to club-shaped, 4 mm high, more or less deeply (3-)6-lobed, with a central canal, pubescent, inner side and apex with long, erect hairs; in female flowers cupular, ¾ mm high, 6-undulate, pubescent outside and long-fimbriate. Pistil densely pubescent except at the base; in ♂ flowers none. Infructescences in the more coarse specimens shoit and dense, 5-8 cm long, with 2-5 rather large, fertile fruits; in more slender specimens up to 25 cm long, slender, fruits smaller and often some of them sterile; calyx c. 1 mm diam., flat, 3-lobed, lobes reflexed. Fruits ovoid, acute, specially at the apex, round or slightly trigonous in cross-section, 2-2½-4 by 1.25-2 cm, glabrous or slightly pubescent at the top; lids conspicuous, faintly keeled, c. 2.5 mm thick. Seeds 3.
More
A tree. It grows 20 m tall. The trunk can be 20-40 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0 - 22.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in Sulawesi and Maluku. It grows up to 700 m above sea level.
More
In primary forests from low altitudes up to c. 700 m. FL fr. (Mainly) May-July.
Primary forests, from low elevations up to around 700 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses. According to RUMPHIUS the aromatic oil from the resin is highly estimated, as it is sweeter scented than that of most other Canarium species known to him.
Uses food material medicinal oil
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Canarium balsamiferum world distribution map, present in Hong Kong, Indonesia, Kenya, Malaysia, and Papua New Guinea

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:127285-1
WFO ID wfo-0000583451
COL ID QJGH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Canarium celebicum Pimela glabra Canariopsis paucijuga Canarium balsamiferum Canarium poeloetimbeo Canarium rooseboomii Pimela paucijuga Canariopsis glabra Canarium englerianum Canarium longissimum