Canarium dichotomum Miq.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Burseraceae > Canarium

Characteristics

Tree, 15-32 m by 15-60 cm, rarely shrub-like and up to 7 m high; buttresses up to 1.5 m high. Branchlets 0.5-2 cm thick, glabrescent; pith with a peripheral cylinder of minute vascular strands. Stipules caducous to persistent, inserted at the base of the petiole or slightly on the latter, subulate to linear, often abruptly broadened at base, ½-1½ cm. Leaves 3-5(-8)-jugate, glabrous. Leaflets ovate to oblong, 5-25(-36) by 2½-9(-13½) cm, chartaceous to coriaceous; base oblique, rounded to broadly cuneate; margin entire; apex gradually to subabruptly blunt-acuminate, acumen rather short and broad (½ by 1½ cm); nerves 9-18 pairs (angle variable), straight to slightly curved, gradually, mostly distinctly, arching close to the margin, sometimes benath rather densely appressed short-hairy; acumen sometimes slender and acute. Inflorescences terminal, sometimes some additional axillary ones in the uppermost leaf-axils, laxly paniculate, glabrous, dones 19-42 cm long, many-flowered, female ones 6-25 cm, with few flowers, axes dark red (statu vivo); main branches in ♂ inflorescences repeatedly dichotomous, up to 25 cm long, in female ones not distinctly dichotomous, up to 6(-20) cm, flowers in cymules. Female inflorescences up to 35 cm long flowers (nearly) sessile, 6-9(-12) mm long, sometimes (even ♂ ones) with a slightly concave receptacle (best developed in the large-flowered, coarse Borneo-specimens), glabrous outside. Calyx 5-8 mm high. Stamens glabrous, in ♂ flowers confluent at the base, in female flowers connate for the greater part; thecae in ♂ ones distinctly acuminate. Disk 1 mm high, in ♂ flowers cupular to flattened, pilose within, in female flowers annular, faintly 6-undulate, minutely tomentose, margin fimbriate. Pistil in ♂ flowers much reduced, pilose; in ♀ flowers glabrous, sometimes with a 1 mm high pseudo-gynophore. Infructescences up to 40 cm long, main branches up to 17 cm, with 1-2(-10) fruits; calyx funnel-shaped, trigonous, 8-10 mm diam. Fruits narrowly oblong, acute at both ends, trigonous in cross-section, 2.75-4 by 1-2 cm, glabrous; pyrene acutely to rounded triangular; lids rarely with a median rib, 1½-2 mm thick. Seeds 1-2, sterile cells moderately reduced.
More
A tree. It grows 27 m tall. The trunk is 25 cm across. The bark is reddish-brown. The leaves have 1-4 pairs of leaflets. The leaves are 8-20 cm long by 4-10 cm wide. The flowers are in groups in the axils of leaves and at the ends of branches. The fruit are oblong and 3-4 cm long by 1.2-1.5 cm wide. They are triangle shaped.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.25
Mature height (meter) 25.0 - 27.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

In primary forests on dry grounds, at low altitudes (up to 850 m) Sometimes also in secondary forests. Alt. up to 1000 m. FL Mainly June-Aug., fr. (Mainly) Sept.
More
It is a tropical plant. It grows in lowland forests and up to 1,200 m above sea level.
Primary forests on dry grounds, usually at low elevations but extending to 850 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses. The resin is clear and should be useful.
Uses -
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Canarium dichotomum world distribution map, present in Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, and Malaysia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:127320-1
WFO ID wfo-0000583496
COL ID QJHT
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pimela dichotoma Canarium dichotomum Canarium endertii Canarium dichotomum var. lucidula