Canarium strictum Roxb.

Black damar (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Burseraceae > Canarium

Characteristics

Trees, up to 50 m tall, ca. 1 m d.b.h.; bark gray-white. Branchlets 5-25 mm in diam., at first densely rusty tomentose. Leaves stipulate; stipules very early deciduous; leaflets 5 or 6 pairs; blades ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, 10-20 × 4-6.5 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially nearly glabrous or densely rusty tomentose, rigid papery or leathery, base broadly cuneate, oblique, margin with small rounded teeth or slightly sinuate, apex acuminate, with acumen acute or obtuse; lateral veins 20-22 pairs, on both surfaces ± prominent. Inflorescences axillary, sometimes fascicled at ends of branches, narrow cymose panicles in male plants, racemose in female, densely rusty or yellow tomentose, glabrescent, 15-40 cm and many flowered in male plants, 7-20 cm and few flowered in female. Male flowers ca. 7 mm, female flowers ca. 9 mm. Calyx nearly glabrous or rusty tomentose abaxially, with short obtuse lobes, ca. 4 mm in male flowers, ca. 5.5 mm in female. Petals abaxially nearly glabrous to densely tomentose. Stamens glabrous; filaments connate for 1/4-3/4 of length; anthers acuminate; disk margin and inside long pubescent, annular and ca. 1 mm high in male flowers, somewhat 6-lobed, ca. 0.5 mm high, fleshy in female flowers. Ovary glabrous or with scattered hairs, nearly absent in male flowers. Infructescences racemose, 10-20 cm, glabrous, 1-3-fruited; persistent calyx disk-shaped, slightly 3-lobed or deltoid, ca. 12.5 mm in diam. Drupe with pedicel, obovoid or ellipsoid, cross section nearly rounded or rounded triangular, both ends obtuse, 35-45 × 17-23 mm; pyrene smooth, ribs obtuse, without conspicuous midrib. Fr. Apr-May.
More
A large tree. It grows 40 m tall. It has buttresses. The bark is hard and has a metallic sound when hit. The bark peels off in rectangle shaped flakes. The tree crown is dense and umbrella shaped. The young leaves are bright red with rusty hairs. The mature leaves are 30-60 cm long and 5-9 cm wide. They have 3-7 pairs of leaflets and one leaflet at the end. The flowers are in clusters 20-30 cm long. The flowers are brownish yellow. The fruit are hard and egg shaped. They are 3-4 cm long. They taper at both ends.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 40.0 - 50.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It is native to the eastern Himalayas between 400-1,300 m altitude. In XTBG Yunnan.
More
Valley forests in southern Yunnan. Evergreen forests to elevations of 1,500 metres in India.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The cover of the ripe fruit are eaten raw and also used for pickles. They can be dried. The seeds/nuts are also eaten.
Uses material medicinal oil wood
Edible fruits nuts
Therapeutic use Abdominal pain (bark), Colic (bark), Exanthema (bark), Insect bites and stings (bark), Ointments (bark), Wound healing (bark), Abdominal pain (fruit), Antirheumatic agents (plant exudate), Asthma (plant exudate), Chronic disease (plant exudate), Cough (plant exudate), Epilepsy (plant exudate), Fever (plant exudate), Pain (plant exudate), Psoriasis (plant exudate), Skin diseases (plant exudate), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Canarium strictum unspecified picture

Distribution

Canarium strictum world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, China, India, Kenya, Myanmar, and Thailand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:127527-1
WFO ID wfo-0000583750
COL ID QJR7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Rumphia amboinensis Canarium strictum Pimela stricta